TY - JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY(NATURAL SCIENCE) A1 - WANG Yong-duo, HE Jian T1 - Characterizations of rings relative to an ideal Y1 - 2017-08-20 JF - JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY(NATURAL SCIENCE) JO - JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY(NATURAL SCIENCE) SP - 81 EP - 84 VL - 52 IS - 8 UR - http://lxbwk.njournal.sdu.edu.cn N1 - 10.6040/j.issn.1671-9352.0.2016.432 ER -