JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY(NATURAL SCIENCE) ›› 2020, Vol. 55 ›› Issue (11): 8-17.doi: 10.6040/j.issn.1671-9352.0.2020.199

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Application impacts analysis on natural forestry management for pine plantation in central and southern mountainous area of Shandong province

Chun-hui LING1,2(),Ming-zhong ZHANG2,Gui-yun LYU3,Hao-ran CUI1,2,Pan YAP1,2,Ye WEI1,2,Sheng-yuan LIU1,2,Feng-yun MA1,2,Hua-tian WANG1,2,Xiu-mei LIU1,4,*(),Ling MA5   

  1. 1. State Forestry and Grassland Administration Key Laboratory of Silviculture in Downstream Areas of the Yellow River, Tai'an 271018, Shandong, China
    2. College of Forestry, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an 271018, Shandong, China
    3. Yangxin Vocational School in Shandong Province, Binzhou 251800, Shandong, China
    4. Shanghai Environment College, Shanghai 200135, China
    5. Territotial Space Data and Remote Sensing Technology Center of Shandong Province, Jinan 250002, Shandong, China
  • Received:2020-05-08 Online:2020-11-20 Published:2020-11-17
  • Contact: Xiu-mei LIU E-mail:1063031474@qq.com;xiaomi8869@163.com

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Abstract:

The near-natural management experiments were carried out at three forestry stations of Culaishan, Taishan and Mingguangsi, with long-time thinning possesses of 2, 10 and 3 years, respectively. The results revealed that: (1) The effects of thinning management could promote the seedling growth compared to the controlled treatment (CK), the main height, diameter at breast height (DBH) and canopy diameter increased by 3.13%-12.89%, 3.03%-8.91% and 2.75%-25.91%, respectively. Similarly, the annual mean diameter of residual trees height, DBH and diameter of canopy also improved by 21.43%-66.67%, 9.21%-26.15% and 64.29%-300% when suffered to near-natural processing. (2) The intermediate cutting changed the canopy gap, led to a decrease in crown closure. On the contrary, it caused an increase in plant species of shrub layer especially for the light-loving plants like Platycladus orientalis and Ailanthus altissima. Consistently, it could contribute to the herbs diversity, which caused improvements of diversity indexes like Simpson, Shannon-wiener and Gleason in pure pine stand and mixed pine-oak forest compared with that in CK. At the same time, the important values of Digitaria sanguinalis, Spodiopogon sibiricus and Carex rigescens elevated. (3) The tending measurement resulted in an improvement of soil pH, and a decrease of bulk density. As well, it had a potential to accelerate the nutrient metabolism for the increasing enzyme activities of catalase, phosphatase, sucrase and urease, which increased by 6.74%-29.33%, 4.79%-4.99%, 2.13%-10.34% and 1.25%-25.56%, respectively. It could be seen that the tending operation could benefit to the stand growth, enrich the undergrowth diversity, also improve the soil quality in different stand conditions.

Key words: artificial forest, close-to-natural forest management, forest tending, reforested effects, target trees

CLC Number: 

  • S715

Fig.1

Changes of trees growth characteristics of three stand types after the near-natural modification processing"

Fig.2

Changes in the annual growth of the mean DBH in various standing forests under the near-natural treatment"

Table 1

Changes in the species and the plants number in shrub layer of pure Pinus tabulaeformis forest"

样地类型 种类 株数·hm-2 总种类数 总株数·hm-2
抚育样地 荆条 455.00±36.38 6 ≈1 042
构树 145.00±78.96
侧柏 25.00±16.51
酸枣 30.00±14.20
麻栎 330.00±71.58
臭椿 57.00±27.45
对照样地 荆条 450.00±17.58 5 ≈1 510
麻栎 475.00±82.55
臭椿 45.00±16.38
桑树 30.00±19.62
构树 340.00±88.90

Table 2

Changes in plants species and numbers in shrub layer of P. densiflora"

样地类型 种类 株数·hm-2 种类数 总株数·hm-2
抚育样地 荆条 1 211.67 7 ≈1 400
酸枣 25.00
桑树 10.00
连翘 5.00
胡枝子 117.00
杠柳 15.00
毛葡萄 15.00
对照样地 荆条 1 210.81 9 ≈1 350
扁担杆子 20.00
毛葡萄 25.00
杠柳 15.00
蛇葡萄 25.00
悬钩子 10.00
胡枝子 45.00
桑树 10.00
绣线菊 25.00

Table 3

Changes of plants species and numbers in shrub layer in mixed pine and oak forest"

样地类型 种类 株数·hm-2 种类总数 总株数·hm-2
抚育样地 麻栎 696.67 3 ≈1 039
荆条 282.50
臭椿 60.00
对照样地 麻栎 1 135.00 2 ≈2 180
荆条 1 045.00

Table 4

Changes in diversity indexes of the herbaceous plants at different stands"

林分类型 样地类型 均匀度指数 辛普森多样性指数 香农-威纳指数 丰富度指数
油松纯林 抚育样地 0.157 7 0.925 5 2.680 3 2.657 5
对照样地 0.202 3 0.908 0 2.427 2 1.875 9
赤松纯林 抚育样地 0.163 8 0.916 7 2.621 0 2.5012
对照样地 0.148 2 0.931 3 2.815 0 2.970 2
松栎混交林 抚育样地 0.186 8 0.9006 2.428 6 2.032 2
对照样地 0.209 6 0.892 1 2.305 7 1.719 6

Table 5

Changes in species and important values of understory herbaceous plants in pure forest of P. tabulaeformis"

抚育样地植物种类 科 重要值/% 对照样地植物种类 科 重要值/%
马唐 禾本科 12.15 鬼针草 菊科 11.79
苦麦菜 菊科 10.20 苣荬菜 菊科 11.14
羊胡子草 莎草科 6.54 白英 茄科 9.69
竹叶草 禾本科 5.80 羊胡子草 莎草科 9.53
隐子草 禾本科 5.41 地梢瓜 萝藦科 9.17
甘菊 菊科 5.10 茜草 茜草科 7.65
狗尾草 禾本科 4.88 甘菊 菊科 7.29
萝藦 萝藦科 4.16 荩草 禾本科 7.11
披碱草 禾本科 3.76 隐子草 禾本科 4.96
何首乌 蓼科 2.95 飞蓬 菊科 2.71
茜草 茜草科 1.99

Table 6

Changes in species and important values of understory herbaceous plants in pure P. densiflora forest"

抚育样地植物种类 科 重要值/% 对照样地植物种类 科 重要值/%
千金子 禾本科 16.08 鬼针草 菊科 12.59
大油芒 禾本科 11.60 商陆 商陆科 12.46
橘草 禾本科 9.13 白英 茄科 8.11
小菅草 禾本科 8.99 千金子 禾本科 7.21
鬼针草 菊科 7.12 白莲蒿 菊科 6.92
艾蒿 菊科 7.09 小菅草 禾本科 5.47
野古草 禾本科 5.43 卷柏 卷柏科 4.90
卷柏 卷柏科 5.29 隐子草 禾本科 4.77
白莲蒿 菊科 5.03 鸭跖草 鸭跖草科 4.12
竹叶草 禾本科 4.55 野古草 禾本科 3.98
地梢瓜 萝藦科 4.34 马兜铃 马兜铃科 3.89
鸭跖草 鸭跖草科 4.3 酢浆草 酢浆草科 3.74
银胶菊 菊科 4.21 银胶菊 菊科 3.65
隐子草 禾本科 2.96 竹叶草 禾本科 3.44
何首乌 蓼科 2.22 茜草 茜草科 3.29
茜草 茜草科 1.67 何首乌 蓼科 2.98
白草 禾本科 2.97
狗尾草 禾本科 2.51

Table 7

Changes in species and important values of understory herbaceous plants in mixed forest of pine-oak"

抚育样地植物种类 科 重要值/% 对照样地植物种类 科 重要值/%
羊胡子草 莎草科 16.88 羊胡子草 莎草科 17.39
苦卖菜 菊科 13.68 酢浆草 酢浆草科 13.26
荩草 禾本科 12.79 秋菊 菊科 12.20
甘菊 菊科 9.37 苦卖菜 菊科 11.10
萝藦 萝藦科 7.48 鬼针草 菊科 9.34
野韭 百合科 7.00 艾蒿 菊科 8.30
披碱草 禾本科 6.58 荩草 禾本科 7.62
隐子草 禾本科 6.12 茜草 茜草科 7.35
艾蒿 菊科 5.30 萱草 百合科 4.85
鹅绒藤 萝藦科 4.91 柳叶草 菊科 4.65
细叶沙参 桔梗科 3.32 禾本科草 禾本科 3.93
柳叶草 菊科 3.30
景天 景天科 3.27

Table 8

Changes in physical properties of the soil in different managements"

林分 样地类型 pH值 电导率/(kΩ·cm-1) 含水率/% 容积含水率/% 土壤容重/(g·cm-3)
油松纯林 抚育样地
对照样地		 5.40±0.09a
5.33±0.09a		 43.27±7.14bc
55.13±11.80ab		 0.03±0.02b
0.03±0.01b		 0.05±0.02b
0.04±0.01b		 1.47±0.07a
1.52±0.01a
赤松纯林 抚育样地
对照样地		 5.22±0.02a
5.18±0.05a		 58.63±9.24a
59.47±1.86a		 0.05±0.02a
0.05±0.01a		 0.08±0.02a
0.08±0.01a		 1.38±0.02ab
1.46±0.04a
松栎混交林 抚育样地
对照样地		 5.49±0.39a
5.29±0.12a		 41.87±4.26bc
40.70±4.31c		 0.04±0.02ab
0.04±0.01ab		 0.06±0.02ab
0.05±0.02b		 1.24±0.05b
1.42±0.23ab

Fig.3

Changes in various enzemy activities in the soil after suffering to near-natural modification"

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