JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY(NATURAL SCIENCE) ›› 2022, Vol. 57 ›› Issue (5): 66-73.doi: 10.6040/j.issn.1671-9352.2.2021.013

Previous Articles    

Reversible data hiding in motion vector based on regression prediction

NING Zhi-qiang1, PAN Feng1,2, NIU Ke1,2*, CHEN Pei1   

  1. 1. College of Cryptographic Engineering, Engineering University of PAP, Xian 710086, Shaanxi, China;
    2. Key Laboratory of Network and Information Security of the PAP, Xian 710086, Shaanxi, China
  • Published:2022-05-27

Abstract: Aiming at the problem that the existing video data hiding algorithm based on motion vector affects the visual quality after video decoding and the bit rate increases too much, a reversible data hiding algorithm based on motion vector is proposed. The algorithm fine-tunes the difference between the predicted motion vector and the real motion vector, and embeds secret data in the lowest bit of the difference to realize the lossless recovery of the motion vector at the decoding end. Compared with the previous data hiding algorithms based on motion vectors, while ensuring good video quality and stable embedding capacity, the bit rate expansion is reduced by an average of 28.77%.

Key words: data hiding, motion vector, H.264, multiple linear regression

CLC Number: 

  • TP309
[1] YAO Y Z, ZHANG W M, YU N H, et al. Defining embedding distortion for motion vector-based video steganography[J]. Multimedia Tools and Applications, 2015, 74(24):11163-11186.
[2] ZHANG Y N, ZHANG M Q, YANG X Y, et al. Novel video steganography algorithm based on secret sharing and error-correcting code for H.264/AVC[J]. Tsinghua Science and Technology, 2017, 22(2):198-209.
[3] KUTTER M, JORDAN F, EBRAHIMI T. Proposal of a watermarking technique for hiding/retrieving, data in compressed and decompressed video[R]. Technical Report M2281, ISO/IEC Document, JTCI/SC29/WG11, 1997.
[4] XU C Y, PING X J, ZHANG T. Steganography in compressed video stream[C] //First International Conference on Innovative Computing, Information and Control-Volume I(ICICIC'06). Beijing: IEEE, 2006: 269-272.
[5] FANG D Y, CHANG L W. Data hiding for digital video with phase of motion vector[C] //IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems. Kos: IEEE, 2006, 4: 1422-1425.
[6] 苏育挺, 张新龙, 张承乾,等. 基于运动矢量的H.264信息隐藏算法[J]. 天津大学学报(自然科学与工程技术版), 2014,47(1):67-73. SU Yuting, ZHANG Xinlong, ZHANG Chengqian, et al. Steganography algorithm based on motion vectors of H.264[J]. Journal of Tianjin University(Science and Technology), 2014,47(1):67-73.
[7] ZHANG H, CAO Y, ZHAO X F. Motion vector-based video steganography with preserved local optimality[J]. Multimedia Tools and Applications, 2016, 75(21):13503-13519.
[8] 李林聪, 姚远志, 张晓雅,等. 基于修改概率转换和非加性嵌入失真的视频隐写方法[J]. 电子与信息学报, 2020, 42(10):2357-2364. LI Lincong, YAO Yuanzhi, ZHANG Xiaoya, et al. Video steganography based on modification probability transformation and non-additive embedding distortion[J]. Journal of Electronics & Information Technology, 2020, 42(10): 2357-2364.
[9] TIAN J. Reversible data embedding using a difference expansion[J]. IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems for Video Technology, 2003, 13(8):890-896.
[10] NI Z C, SHI Y Q, ANSARI N, et al. Reversible data hiding[J]. IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems for Video Technology, 2006, 16(3):354-362.
[11] MA B, WANG X Y, LI Q, et al. Adaptive error prediction method based on multiple linear regression for reversible data hiding[J]. Journal of Real-Time Image Processing, 2019, 16(4):821-834.
[12] 王晓雨. 图像可逆信息隐藏误差预测关键技术研究[D]. 济南:齐鲁工业大学,2019. WANG Xiaoyu. Research on key techniques of image reversible data hiding error prediction[D]. Jinan: Qilu University of Technology, 2019.
[13] 葛京, 杨红梅, 颜斌,等. 基于运动矢量的视频可逆隐藏算法[J]. 山东科技大学学报(自然科学版), 2020, 39(3):99-108. GE Jing, YANG Hongmei, YAN Bin, et al. Video reversible data hiding algorithm based on motion vector[J]. Journal of Shandong University of Science and Technology(Natural Science), 2020, 39(3):99-108.
[14] MUHIT A A, PICKERING M R, FRATER M R, et al. Video coding using elastic motion model and larger blocks[J]. IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems for Video Technology, 2010, 20(5):661-672.
[15] MUHIT A A, PICKERING M R, FRATER M R, et al. Video coding using fast geometry-adaptive partitioning and an elastic motion model[J]. Journal of Visual Communication and Image Representation, 2012, 23(1):31-41.
[16] REZAGHOLIPOUR K, ESHGHI M. Video steganography algorithm based on motion vector of moving object [C] //The 8th International Conference on Information and Knowledge Technology(IKT). Hamedan: IEEE, 2016: 183-187.
[1] Min-qing ZHANG,Neng ZHOU,Meng-meng LIU,Han WANG,Yan KE. Reversible data hiding in homomorphic encrypted domain based on Paillier [J]. JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY(NATURAL SCIENCE), 2020, 55(3): 1-8,18.
[2] SHI Kai-quan. Big data structure-logic characteristics and big data law [J]. JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY(NATURAL SCIENCE), 2019, 54(2): 1-29.
[3] SUN Ze-rui, WANG Ji-jun, LI Guo-xiang, XIA Guo-en. New reversible data hiding algorithm based on interpolation images [J]. JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY(NATURAL SCIENCE), 2018, 53(1): 46-52.
[4] DING Yi-tao, YANG Hai-bin, YANG Xiao-yuan, ZHOU Tan-ping. A reversible image data hiding scheme in Homomorphic encrypted domain [J]. JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY(NATURAL SCIENCE), 2017, 52(7): 104-110.
[5] . Reversible data hiding in encrypted image based on an integer transform [J]. JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY(NATURAL SCIENCE), 2016, 51(9): 76-83.
Viewed
Full text


Abstract

Cited

  Shared   
  Discussed   
No Suggested Reading articles found!