您的位置：山东大学 -> 科技期刊社 -> 《山东大学学报（理学版）》

《山东大学学报(理学版)》 ›› 2020, Vol. 55 ›› Issue (3): 43-50.doi: 10.6040/j.issn.1671-9352.2.2019.142

•   • 上一篇    下一篇

一种基于投票权竞争的区块链共识机制

宋宇波1,2(),张仕奇1,2,宋睿1,2   

  1. 1. 东南大学网络空间安全学院 江苏省密码科学技术重点实验室, 江苏 南京 211189
    2. 网络通信与安全紫金山实验室, 江苏 南京 211189
  • 收稿日期:2019-09-02 出版日期:2020-03-20 发布日期:2020-03-27
  • 作者简介:宋宇波(1977—)，男，博士，副教授，研究方向为区块链安全与应用. E-mail:songyubo@seu.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金资助项目(61601113)

A blockchain consensus mechanism based on voting rights competition

Yu-bo SONG1,2(),Shi-qi ZHANG1,2,Rui SONG1,2   

  1. 1. School of Cyber Science and Engineering, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Computer Networking Technology, South East University, Nanjing 211189, Jiangsu, China
    2. Purple Mountain Laboratories, Nanjing 211189, Jiangsu, China
  • Received:2019-09-02 Online:2020-03-20 Published:2020-03-27

RichHTML

26

PDF (PC)

299

摘要：

在区块链系统中的共识机制下,所有参与者就区块归属问题以及交易拟定的价值问题达成一致。基于锻造委员会和锻造组系统的新架构设计,提出了一种基于竞争的股权证明(CPoS)共识机制,可以在确保分权的前提下快速去除分叉。经原型机实验,可在较小的延迟内快速地完成出块和交易活动。

关键词: 区块链, 共识机制, 股权证明, 锻造委员

Abstract:

Under the consensus mechanism in the blockchain system, all participants agreed on the issue of block ownership and the value of the transaction. Based on the new architecture design of the forging committee and the forging group system, a competition-based equity certification (CPoS) consensus mechanism is proposed, which can quickly remove the fork under the premise of ensuring decentralization. Through prototype experiments, the block and trading activities can be completed quickly with a small delay.

Key words: blockchain, consensus mechanism, proof of stake, forging commissioner

中图分类号: 

  • TP311

图1

理想情况下的锻造组行为"

图2

次高投票权的锻造者创建新区块"

图3

分叉被消除"

图4

侧链分叉"

图5

跨链事务规范"

图6

交易确认时间及出块速度"

1 SIDHU J. Syscoin: a peer-to-peer electronic cash system with blockchain-based services for E-business[C]//2017 26th International Conference on Computer Communication and Networks (ICCCN). New York: IEEE, 2017: 1-6.
2 BUTERIN V . A next-generation smart contract and decentralized application platform[J]. White Paper, 2014, 3: 37.
3 VUKOLIĆ M. The quest for scalable blockchain fabric: proof-of-work vs. BFT replication[M]// Open Problems in Network Security. [S.l.]: Springer International Publishing, 2016: 112-125.
4 BIRYUKOV A , PUSTOGAROV I . Proof-of-work as anonymous micropayment: rewarding a tor relay[M]. Berlin: Springer, 2015: 445- 455.
5 FULLMER D, MORSE A S. Analysis of difficulty control in bitcoin and proof-of-work blockchains[C]// 2018 IEEE Conference on Decision and Control (CDC). New York: IEEE, 2018: 5988-5992.
6 SHI N . A new proof-of-work mechanism for bitcoin[J]. Financial Innovation, 2016, 2: 31.
doi: 10.1186/s40854-016-0045-6
7 GILBOA A, SHTEINGART Z, LEVIN K, et al. Method and system for reducing power consumption in bitcoin mining via data input hopping: U.S. Patent Application 15/513, 177[P]. 2017-10-19.
8 GERVAIS A, KARAME G O, WVST K, et al. On the security and performance of proof of work blockchains[C]// Proceedings of the 2016 ACM SIGSAC Conference on Computer and Communications Security-CCS′16. New York: ACM Press, 2016.
9 SAYADI S, BEN REJEB S, CHOUKAIR Z. Blockchain challenges and security schemes: a survey[C]// 2018 Seventh International Conference on Communications and Networking (ComNet). New York: IEEE, 2018.
10 CHEN T, LI X Q, WANG Y, et al. An adaptive gas cost mechanism for ethereum to defend against under-priced DoS attacks[M]// Information Security Practice and Experience. [S.l.]: Springer International Publishing, 2017: 3-24.
11 KIM T . On the transaction cost of Bitcoin[J]. Finance Research Letters, 2017, 23: 300- 305.
doi: 10.1016/j.frl.2017.07.014
12 ALLEN D W E , BERG C , LANE A M , et al. Cryptodemocracy and its institutional possibilities[J]. The Review of Austrian Economics, 2018, 11: 1- 12.
doi: 10.1007/s11138-018-0423-6
13 O'DWYER K J, MALONE D. Bitcoin mining and its energy footprint[C]// 25th IET Irish Signals & Systems Conference 2014 and 2014 China-Ireland International Conference on Information and Communities Technologies. Limerick, Ireland: Institution of Engineering and Technology, 2014: 280-285.
14 ROSENFELD M . Proof of activity: extending bitcoin's proof of work via proof of stake [Extended Abstract]y[J]. ACM Sigmetrics Performance Evaluation Review, 2014, 42 (3): 34- 37.
doi: 10.1145/2695533.2695545
15 DUONG T, CHEPURNOY A, FAN L, et al. Twinscoin: a cryptocurrency via proof-of-work and proof-of-stake[C]// Proceedings of the 2nd ACM Workshop on Blockchains, Cryptocurrencies, and Contracts. [S.l.]: ACM, 2018: 1-13
16 HAZARI S S , MAHMOUD Q H . Comparative evaluation of consensus mechanisms in cryptocurrencies[J]. Internet Technology Letters, 2019, 2 (3): 1- 6.
17 ATTARAN M , GUNASEKARAN A . Blockchain principles, qualities, and business applications[M]. New York: Springer, 2019: 13- 20.
18 PILLAI B, BISWAS K, MUTHUKKUMARASAMY V. Blockchain interoperable digital objects[C]// International Conference on Blockchain. New York: Springer, 2019: 80-94.
19 GUERAR M, VERDERAME L, MERLO A, et al. Blockchain-based risk mitigation for invoice financing[C]// Proceedings of the 23rd International Database Applications & Engineering Symposium on-IDEAS ′19. New York: ACM Press, 2019.
20 GERVAIS A, KARAME G O, WVST K, et al. On the security and performance of proof of work blockchains[C]// Proceedings of the 2016 ACM SIGSAC Conference on Computer and Communications Security-CCS′16. New York: ACM Press, 2016.
21 KWON Y, KIM D, SON Y, et al. Be selfish and avoid dilemmas: fork after withholding (faw) attacks on bitcoin[C]// Proceedings of the 2017 ACM SIGSAC Conference on Computer and Communications Security. New York: ACM, 2017: 195-209.
22 STOYKOV L, ZHANG K W, JACOBSEN H A. VIBES: fast blockchain simulations for large-scale peer-to-peer networks[C]// Proceedings of the 18th ACM/IFIP/USENIX Middleware Conference on Posters and Demos-Middleware ′17. New York: ACM Press, 2017.
[1] 张键红,白文乐,欧培荣. 基于区块链的匿名密码货币支付协议[J]. 《山东大学学报(理学版)》, 2019, 54(1): 88-95.
Viewed
Full text


Abstract

Cited
  Shared   
  Discussed   
[1] 赵同欣1,刘林德1*,张莉1,潘成臣2,贾兴军1. 紫藤传粉昆虫与花粉多型性研究[J]. 山东大学学报（理学版）, 2014, 49(03): 1 -5 .
[2] 江雪莲,石洪波*. 产生式与判别式组合分类器学习算法[J]. J4, 2010, 45(7): 7 -12 .
[3] 黄贤立，罗冬梅. 倾向性文本迁移学习中的特征重要性研究[J]. J4, 2010, 45(7): 13 -17 .
[4] 李永明1, 丁立旺2. PA误差下半参数回归模型估计的r-阶矩相合[J]. J4, 2013, 48(1): 83 -88 .
[5] 于秀清. P-集合的(σ,τ)-扩展模型与其性质[J]. 山东大学学报（理学版）, 2014, 49(04): 90 -94 .
[6] 张亚东1,李新祥2，石东洋3. 强阻尼波动方程的非协调有限元超收敛分析[J]. 山东大学学报（理学版）, 2014, 49(05): 28 -35 .
[7] 章 玲,周德群 . λ模糊测度及其Mbius变换和关联系数间关系的推导[J]. J4, 2007, 42(7): 33 -37 .
[8] 解树涛,宋晓妍,石梅,陈秀兰,孙彩云,张玉忠* . 康宁木霉（Trichoderma koningii）SMF2分泌的peptaibols类抗菌肽Trichokonins抑菌活性研究[J]. J4, 2006, 41(6): 140 -144 .
[9] 杜吉祥1,2,余庆1,翟传敏1. 基于稀疏性约束非负矩阵分解的人脸年龄估计方法[J]. J4, 2010, 45(7): 65 -69 .
[10] 徐光柱1,刘鸣2,任东1,马义德3,刘晓丽1. 基于脉冲耦合神经网络的多区域图像分割[J]. J4, 2010, 45(7): 86 -93 .
版权所有 © 2018 《山东大学学报(理学版)》编辑部　
地址: 山东省济南市山大南路27号山东大学中心校区（250100）　电话: +86-0531-88366917　E-mail: xblxb@sdu.edu.cn
本系统由北京玛格泰克科技发展有限公司设计开发