JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY(NATURAL SCIENCE) ›› 2025, Vol. 60 ›› Issue (6): 89-102.doi: 10.6040/j.issn.1671-9352.0.2023.343

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Manufacturers carbon label strategy selection with consideration of carbon tax policy

LIU Mingwu1,2*, FAN Baodan1, ZOU Zichen1   

  1. 1. School of Economics and Management, Chongqing Jiaotong University, Chongqing 400074, China;
    2. Research Center of Port Logistics Management and Shipping Economics, Chongqing 400074, China
  • Published:2025-06-20

Abstract: This study investigates a two-tier low-carbon supply chain consisting of manufacturers and retailers. A Stackelberg game model is constructed, and backward induction method is applied for solution. Under the carbon tax policy, the study analyzes the impact of consumer environmental preference level and skepticism on manufacturers' equilibrium decision-making and carbon label selection. The research results indicate:(1)Consumer environmental preference levels and degrees of skepticism exert positive influences on the low-carbon attributes of products, wholesale prices, retail prices, and promotional efforts intensity.(2)When consumers have low levels of doubt, manufacturers choose to self label; When consumers have a high level of doubt, manufacturers choose certification labels. Under the carbon tax policy, manufacturers prefer to self label to compensate for the cost loss caused by the carbon tax, while retailers do not need to pay additional costs to follow manufacturers in making carbon label choices.(3)Under the carbon tax policy, manufacturers would only actively choose certification labels when consumers environmental awareness is high, carbon tax rates, and emission reduction difficulty coefficients are high, otherwise the self labeling strategy is better.

Key words: low-carbon supply chain, self-labeling, certification label, carbon tax policy

CLC Number: 

  • F273
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