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Characteristics of soil and vegetation during natural restoration process in abandoned quarry
- SONG Bai-min, LIU Jian, ZHANG Yu-hu, WANG Ren-qing
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JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY(NATURAL SCIENCE). 2022, 57(1):
8-19.
doi:10.6040/j.issn.1671-9352.0.2021.393
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Adopted the method of the space series to represent the time series, soil physical and chemical properties, plant community species composition, community characteristics and their relationships with soil properties were comparative analyzed at four different successional stages of typical abandoned quarries in Miaofengshan, Beijing, including 1, 5, 15, 32-year and one control plot without quarrying influence at least more than 50 years. The results showed that at the initial stage of natural recovery, soil fertility was extremely low and there was a serious lack of total N and organic matter. The plant species composition was simple, mainly contain Eleusine indica and Eragrostis pilosa. With the process of natural ecological restoration, soil physical and chemical properties gradually improved. Soil organic matter continuously accumulated and soil nutrients showed an increasing trend. Soil particle size and soil bulk density decreased gradually. From the view of dominance, at different succession stages, the dominant species in community continuously changed slowly and the replacement of dominant species was obvious. At 5 years and 15 years plots, Chloris virgata and Setaria viridis were the same dominant species. As succession proceeded to 32 years, the dominant species in community were replaced by shrub(Vitex negundo var. heterophylla), Arthraxon hispidus and Cleistogenes chinensis which were similar to the dominant species in the control plots over 50 years. Jaccard coefficient indicated that the community similarity in 32-year plots have reached a moderately similar level compared to that of in the control plots.With the process of community succession, the total vegetation coverage and aboveground biomass exhibited increasing trends, and the species diversity and richness of species gradually increased and then remained relatively stable after 32 years of succession. In the process of natural ecological restoration, the changes of soil physical and chemical properties correspond to the dynamics of community structure. Our study showed that the process of natural ecological restoration was essentially a co-evolution process of soil-vegetation system. The initial restoration achieved to control plot in the abandoned quarry of Beijing Western Mountain rely on natural power, but the process was slower. In order to accelerate the process of ecological recovery, artificial assistance was necessary.
