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《山东大学学报(理学版)》 ›› 2022, Vol. 57 ›› Issue (3): 1-9.doi: 10.6040/j.issn.1671-9352.0.2021.818

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济南大气PM2.5中PAHs的毒性及来源解析

王欣丽1,2,杨敏敏1,2#,李海燕3,王桂荣4,王艳1,2*   

  1. 1.山东大学环境科学与工程学院, 山东 青岛 266237;2.山东大学山东省环境过程与健康危害重点实验室, 山东 青岛 266237;3.淄博市生态环境局周村分局, 山东 淄博 255300;4.纽约州立大学上州医科大学, 美国纽约 雪城 13210
  • 发布日期:2022-03-15
  • 通讯作者: 杨敏敏(1988— ). E-mail:yangminmin@sdu.edu.cn
  • 作者简介:王欣丽(1998— ),女,硕士研究生,研究方向为大气颗粒物与健康影响. E-mail:wxlhuanjing@163.com*通信作者简介:王艳(1968— ),女,教授,博士生导师,研究方向为大气环境化学和环境影响健康评估. E-mail:wy@sdu.edu.cn#共同通信作者:杨敏敏(1988— ). E-mail:yangminmin@sdu.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:
    山东省自然科学基金资助项目(ZR2021MD028)

Cytotoxicity and emission source analysis of PAHs in PM2.5 in the atmosphere of Jinan

WANG Xin-li1,2, YANG Min-min1,2#, LI Hai-yan3, WANG Gui-rong4, WANG Yan1,2*   

  1. 1. School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, Shandong, China;
    2. Key Laboratory of Environmental Processes and Health Hazards, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, Shandong, China;
    3. Zibo Ecological Environment Bureau Zhoucun Branch, Zibo 255300, Shandong, China;
    4. SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse 13210, New York, USA
  • Published:2022-03-15

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摘要： 于2015年10月—2016年5月连续采集济南市大气PM2.5样品,分析了PM2.5及多环芳烃(PAHs)的浓度特征,并利用CCK-8测定PM2.5暴露下人肺上皮细胞(A549)的死亡率,分析PM2.5及PAHs对细胞毒性的影响,用正交矩阵因数分解法(PMF)和潜在排放源贡献函数(PSCF)解析PAHs的主要来源和潜在排放源区域,找到造成健康威胁的关键PAHs以及排放源。结果表明,济南PM2.5的平均质量浓度为107 μg/m3,超过国家《环境空气质量标准》二级标准的天数占68%,15种PAHs的总浓度为26.74 ng/m3;PM2.5暴露后,A549细胞死亡率的平均值为34.3%,其中有超过40%的样品死亡率在30%~45%之间,PM2.5对细胞毒性有显著的影响,且PM2.5中二氢苊、苯并(b)荧蒽、苯并(k)荧蒽、苯并(a)芘和茚并(123-cd)芘是造成健康威胁的关键有毒化合物。源解析结果表明,济南PM2.5中PAHs的来源主要包括煤炭燃烧源、交通污染源、焦炉源和石油源,有毒组分主要源于煤炭燃烧和交通源的本地直接排放及区域输送。

关键词: PM2.5, 多环芳烃, 污染特征, 细胞毒性, 来源解析

Abstract: Atmospheric PM2.5 samples were continuously collected in Jinan from October 2015 to May 2016, the concentration characteristics of PM2.5 and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons(PAHs)were analyzed, and positive matrix factorization(PMF)model and potential source contribution function(PSCF)were used to analyze the emission sources of PAHs. The PM2.5 samples were exposed to human lung epithelial cells(A549), the cell death rates were measured using the CCK-8 kits to analyze the effects of PM2.5 and PAHs on cell mortality. The results showed that the average mass concentration of PM2.5 in Jinan was 107 μg/m3 and 68% of the days exceeded the National Air Quality Secondary Standard(75 μg/m3). The average volume concentration of 15 PAHs in PM2.5 was 26.74 ng/m3. The average death rate of A549 cells was 34.3%, and more than 40% had death rates between 30%-45% after exposed to PM2.5, which indicated the toxicity of PM2.5 on human health. The emission sources of PAHs mainly include coal combustion sources, traffic pollution sources, coke oven sources and petroleum sources. Acenaphthene, benzo(b)fluoranthrene, benzo(k)fluoranthrene, benzo(a)pyrene and indenol(1,2,3-cd)pyrene are key toxic PAHs which are mainly contributed by coal combustion sources and traffic pollution sources emitted from local sources and through regional transport.

Key words: PM2.5, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon, pollution characteristic, cytotoxicity, source identification

中图分类号: 

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