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《山东大学学报(理学版)》 ›› 2024, Vol. 59 ›› Issue (11): 20-30.doi: 10.6040/j.issn.1671-9352.0.2023.481

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阿拉伯木聚糖关键制备工艺及其应用

陈光1,2(),吕江涛1,邱学良2,丁利兵1,蔡宜辰1,陈悦1,刘正学1,王禄山2,*()   

  1. 1. 重庆三峡学院环境与化学工程学院, 重庆 404100
    2. 山东大学微生物技术国家重点实验室, 山东 青岛 266237
  • 收稿日期:2023-11-17 出版日期:2024-11-20 发布日期:2024-11-29
  • 通讯作者: 王禄山 E-mail:1130190215@qq.com;lswang@sdu.edu.cn
  • 作者简介:陈光(1994—)，男，硕士研究生，研究方向为环境生态修复. E-mail: 1130190215@qq.com
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金资助项目(32100022)

Key preparation processes and applications of arabinoxylan

Guang CHEN1,2(),Jiangtao LYU1,Xueliang QIU2,Libing DING1,Yichen CAI1,Yue CHEN1,Zhenxue LIU1,Lushan WANG2,*()   

  1. 1. Chongqing Three Gorges University, Chongqing 404100, China
    2. The State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, Shandong, China
  • Received:2023-11-17 Online:2024-11-20 Published:2024-11-29
  • Contact: Lushan WANG E-mail:1130190215@qq.com;lswang@sdu.edu.cn

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摘要：

阿拉伯木聚糖(arabinoxylan, AX)是植物细胞壁中半纤维素的重要组成部分, 存在于玉米、小麦、大麦和水稻等谷物中。AX不仅具有抗氧化性、益生元潜力和免疫调节活性, 还具有优异的保水性、良好生物相容性和较好的力学性能, 同时可以转化为清洁能源, 因此, 广泛应用于食品、医疗、工业等领域。AX的生物活性与其化学结构密切相关, 不同来源及不同提取方法得到的AX结构不同, 其功能特性也存在明显差异。本文综述了AX的结构特征及其生物活性、各种原料中的AX提取纯化方法以及AX的应用前景。

关键词: 阿拉伯木聚糖, 制备工艺, 功能特性, 生物合成, 生物基材料

Abstract:

Arabinoxylan (AX) was an important component of hemicellulose in plant cell walls, which wa s found in grains such as corn, wheat, barley and rice. AX not only had antioxidant, prebiotic potential, and immunomodulatory activity but also had water retention, biocompatibility, and mechanical properties. At the same time, it could be converted into clean energy. Therefore, it was widely used in food, medical, industrial, and other fields. The biological activity of AX was closely related to its chemical structure. The fine structures and the functional properties of AX depended on different cereal sources and different extraction methods. In this paper, we summarized several aspects of AX, which contained the structural characteristics, biological activities, serval methods of extraction and purification from various raw materials, and the application.

Key words: arabinoxylan, preparation technology, functional property, biosynthesis, biomaterials

中图分类号: 

  • S-1

表1

不同谷物中AX含量"

谷物 全AX质量分数/% 水可提取AX质量分数/% 提取方法 参考文献
小麦 9.5~13.0 3.1~4.5 碱提取 [7]
大麦 3.5~6.05 0.4~1.0 [8]
燕麦 21.9~33.0 碱提取 [9]
黑麦 6.7~12.1 2.2~4.7 [10]
高粱 2.95~10.82 碱提取 [11]
甘蔗渣 18.28 碱提取 [12]
玉米 22.9 碱提取 [13]

图1

谷物细胞壁组成及阿拉伯木聚糖结构[14]"

表2

各种原料在不同提取方法得到的AX结构"

谷物 提取方法 收率/% 摩尔质量/(kg·mol-1) A/X(质量比) 阿魏酸含量/(mg·g-1) DPPH(EC50) 参考文献
甘蔗渣 0.25 mol/L氢氧化钠, 121 ℃, 30 min 0.08±0.07 [26]
0.5 mol/L氢氧化钠, 121 ℃, 30 min 1.12±0.28 47.00 [26]
1 mol/L氢氧化钠, 121 ℃, 30 min 7.22±0.26 212.00 [26]
2 mol/L氢氧化钠, 121 ℃, 60 min, 连续提取3次 21.70±0.28 212.00 [26]
玉米麸皮 1∶30(W/V), 浓度为0.3 mol/L氢氧化钠, 25 min, 70 ℃, 超声波功率500 W 27.78±0.17 6.30 [27]
1∶30(W/V), 浓度为0.3 mol/L氢氧化钠, 20 min, 70 ℃, 超声波功率400 W 20.45 [27]
1∶30(W/V), 浓度为0.3 mol/L氢氧化钠, 20 min, 70 ℃, 超声波功率500 W 21.45 [27]
1∶30(W/V), 浓度为0.3 mol/L氢氧化钠, 20 min, 70 ℃, 超声波功率600 W 19.24 [27]
1∶25(W/V), 浓度为0.3 mol/L氢氧化钠, 20 min, 70 ℃, 超声波功率500 W 20.55 [27]
1∶35(W/V), 浓度为0.3 mol/L氢氧化钠, 20 min, 70 ℃, 超声波功率500 W 16.68 [27]
麦麸 1∶7(W/V), 纯水, 60 ℃, 30 min, 未处理粒径(2 644 μm) 0.40 403.00 0.48 2.96 [28]
1∶7(W/V), 纯水, 60 ℃, 30 min, 研磨后(749.9 μm) 1.20 134.00 0.44 2.84 [28]
1∶7(W/V), 纯水, 60 ℃, 30 min, 挤压后(285.8 μm) 1.80 345.00 0.434 2.70 [28]
啤酒厂废谷物 1∶7(W/V), 加酶Laminex, 35℃, 6h 25.8±0.40 0.90 [29]
玉米纤维 SWE, 1∶14(W/V), 140 ℃, 30 min, 10~11 MPa 3.20±0.40 171.10 2.35 22.40±1.50 4.46 [30]
SWE, 1∶14(W/V), 160 ℃, 5 min, 10~11 MPa 5.00±1.90 367.10 2.24 14.10±0.20 5.79 [30]
SWE, 1∶14(W/V), 160 ℃, 15 min, 10~11 MPa 8.40±1.50 105.50 1.48 30.30±1.80 5.33 [30]
SWE, 1∶14(W/V), 160 ℃, 30 min, 10~11 MPa 12.20±0.80 57.60 0.99 39.70±0.20 4.63 [30]
SWE, 1∶14(W/V), 160 ℃, 60 min, 10~11 MPa 18.50±0.90 32.90 0.66 47.80±1.40 4.23 [30]
SWE, 1∶14(W/V), 180 ℃, 30 min, 10~11 MPa 18.30±0.80 32.50 0.66 47.90±2.40 3.89 [30]
SWE, 1∶14(W/V), 160 ℃, 30 min, 10~11 MPa, pH 5 1.70±0.10 190.70 0.99 11.90±1.50 8.84 [30]
SWE, 1∶14(W/V), 160 ℃, 30 min, 10~11 MPa, pH 7 3.00±0.30 178.10 0.70 3.90±2.10 6.11 [30]
SWE, 1∶14(W/V), 160 ℃, 30 min, 10~11 MPa, pH 9.2 14.50±0.60 199.80 0.56 4.00±1.00 4.95 [30]
高粱麸皮 饱和氢氧化钙(含1%硼氢化钠), 室温, 16 h 126.60±8.50 1.01 1.00 [31]
废高粱谷物 饱和氢氧化钙(含1%硼氢化钠), 室温, 16 h 126.60±7.30 1.04 0.77 [31]
高粱谷粒 饱和氢氧化钙(含1%硼氢化钠), 室温, 16 h 223.90±10.70 1.28 0.56 [31]
麦麸 1∶10(W/V), 1 mol/L氢氧化钠, 60 ℃, 16 h 761.00 0.69 [32]
1∶10(W/V), 0.5 mol/L氢氧化钡, 60 ℃, 16 h 704.00 0.78 [32]
SWE, 1∶10(W/V), 160 ℃, 10 min, pH为7.0 8.40±1.64 389.00 [32]
SWE, 1∶10(W/V), 160 ℃, 30 min, pH为7.0 111.00 [32]
SWE, 1∶10(W/V), 160 ℃, 60 min, pH为7.0 41.00 [32]

图2

阿拉伯木聚糖提取流程"

图3

木聚糖合成机制及参与合成的特征酶"

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