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《山东大学学报(理学版)》 ›› 2019, Vol. 54 ›› Issue (1): 19-25, 35.doi: 10.6040/j.issn.1671-9352.0.2018.361

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球磨纳米碳酸钙去除水中铅离子的吸附机理

封振宇1(),蒋贺纯2,*()   

  1. 1. 山东大学化学与化工学院, 山东 济南 250100
    2. 山东大学晶体材料国家重点实验室, 山东 济南 250100
  • 收稿日期:2018-07-03 出版日期:2019-01-20 发布日期:2019-01-23
  • 通讯作者: 蒋贺纯 E-mail:fengzhenyu@sdu.edu.cn;jianghechun@sdu.edu.cn
  • 作者简介:封振宇(1983—)，男，工程师，硕士，研究方向为环境分析化学与无机纳米材料. E-mail: fengzhenyu@sdu.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:
    山东省自然科学基金资助项目(ZR2017PB007);山东大学实验室建设与管理研究项目(sy20183201);山东大学实验室建设与管理研究项目(sy20183205);山东大学实验室建设与管理研究项目(sy20181202);山东省材料化学安全检测技术重点实验室开放课题(2018SDCLHX005)

Ball-milled CaCO3 nanoparticles for removal of Pb2+ in solution

Zhen-yu FENG1(),He-chun JIANG2,*()   

  1. 1. School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, Shandong, China
    2. State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, Shandong, China
  • Received:2018-07-03 Online:2019-01-20 Published:2019-01-23
  • Contact: He-chun JIANG E-mail:fengzhenyu@sdu.edu.cn;jianghechun@sdu.edu.cn
  • Supported by:
    山东省自然科学基金资助项目(ZR2017PB007);山东大学实验室建设与管理研究项目(sy20183201);山东大学实验室建设与管理研究项目(sy20183205);山东大学实验室建设与管理研究项目(sy20181202);山东省材料化学安全检测技术重点实验室开放课题(2018SDCLHX005)

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摘要：

通过球磨得到了纳米级CaCO3,研究了它去除水溶液中Pb2+的吸附机制。X射线粉末衍射(XRD)结果表明,吸附后样品中含有CaCO3和PbCO3;选区电子衍射(SEAD)、扫描电镜(SEM)和透射电镜(TEM)显微成像都证实,样品中有PbCO3纳米晶粒生成,同时也存在CaCO3表面的Pb2+吸附;从宏观上探讨了吸附过程的吸附等温线和吸附动力学。结果表明,纳米级CaCO3对Pb2+的吸附作用机制是溶解-沉淀并伴有表面吸附。

关键词: 碳酸钙, 纳米材料, 铅离子, 吸附

Abstract:

Nano-sized CaCO3 granules were prepared by ball milling to remove Pb2+ in solution. The results of X-ray diffraction (XRD) clearly indicated that the products after the sorption experiments were composed of CaCO3 and PbCO3. The analysis of selected area electron diffraction (SEAD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) mapping and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images demonstrated the generation of PbCO3 nanocrystals and the surface-adsorption of Pb2+ on the CaCO3 adsorbents. The sorption isotherms and kinetics were also considered. All of the results indicated that the main type of interaction between Pb2+ and the as-prepared CaCO3 is dissolution-precipitation accompanied by surface-adsorption.

Key words: calcium carbonate, nanomaterials, lead ion, sorption

中图分类号: 

  • O65

图1

球磨前后CaCO3的形貌与结构表征 a:球磨前CaCO3的SEM图像; b:球磨4 h后CaCO3的SEM图像; c:球磨前后CaCO3的XRD衍射花样。"

图2

纳米级CaCO3和微米级CaCO3的吸附动力学"

表1

吸附动力学实验数据"

吸附剂 Qe/(mmol·g-1) k2/(g·mmol-1·h-1) R2
纳米级CaCO3 1.902 1.008 0.968
微米级CaCO3 1.893 0.3082 0.851

图3

纳米级CaCO3和微米级CaCO3在30 ℃时的吸附等温线"

表2

吸附等温实验数据"

吸附剂 T/K Kf/((mmol/g)·(L/mmol)1/n) 1/n R2
纳米级CaCO3 303 5.54 0.060 8 0.996
微米级CaCO3 303 4.93 0.173 0 0.980

图4

纳米级CaCO3在吸附实验后的形貌与结构表征 a:纳米级CaCO3在吸附实验后的SEM照片; b:CaCO3吸附剂在吸附前和吸附后的XRD衍射花样(JCPDS标准卡片:方解石No.47-1743,白铅矿No.47-1734)。"

表3

不同金属离子的吸附起始以及吸附平衡浓度"

金属离子 Ce-C0/(mmol·L-1)
试样1 试样2 试样3 试样4 试样5
Pb2+ -0.48 -0.82 -0.91 -0.95 -0.95
Ca2+ 0.36 0.63 0.73 0.72 0.75

图5

吸附剂在吸附实验后的电子显微学与元素分析 a和d:吸附剂在吸附实验后的TEM图像; b和e:吸附剂在吸附实验后的能谱元素分布图像; c和f:吸附实验后吸附剂的选区电子衍射花样。"

图6

吸附实验中吸附剂用量"

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