Fig.1

Classification of gels[6]"

Fig.2

Different stimuli for gels"

Fig.3

Schematic representation of aggregation modes[6]"

Fig.4

Molecular self-assembly of gels[8]"

Fig.5

Different gels classified by the dispersed liquid phases"

Fig.6

Different types of ionogels[11]"

Fig.7

Chemical structures of ionic liquids and synthetic amphiphiles[12]"

Fig.8

Molecular structures of gelators 1-6[13]"

Fig.9

Chemical structure of the gelator and microstructures of three gels[14]"

Fig.10

Synthetic procedure for P(AzoMA-r-NIPAm)-b-PEO-b-P(AzoMA-r-NIPAm) ABA triblock copolymer[16]"

Fig.11

Formation of ionogels[17]"

Table 1

Morphologies of the [BMIM][TFSI]/SiO2 hybrid materials[20]"

Fig.12

Polarized optical micrographs and illustrations of the oriented structures of the ionogel[21]"

Fig.13

Sol-gel processing in the presence of IL [Carb-Bim]Br [23]"

Fig.14

The [75/25]/64 ionobrid[24]"

Fig.15

Procedure of preparing ILs-based nanocomposite polymer electrolytes from liquid crystalline PVA/HNTs aqueous dispersions[25]"

Fig.16

Pictures (insets) and G' and G" values before and after the immersion overnight at 20 ℃[27]"

Fig.17

Arrhenius plots of ionic conductivity for a PDMS-supported ionogel and for neat EMI TCB[26]"

Fig.18

Electrochemical properties of ionogles[18]"

Fig.19

(a) TGA thermogram and (b) differential thermal gravimetric (DTG) curves of HNT, BMIMBF4, and BMIMBF4/HNT ionogels. The heating rate is 10 ℃·min-1)[21]"

Fig.20

Ionogels, multi-purpose hybrid materials[11]"

Fig.21

Formation and properties of microsupercapacitors[37]"

Fig.22

Fabrication of hybrid ionogels[38]"

Fig.23

Electrochemical properties of LiFePO4/HI-2/Li clells[38]"

Fig.24

Preparation of electrochemiluminescent[39]"

Fig.25

Schematic diagram (c) and an optical microscope image (d) of side-gated P3HT Gel-OTFTs[41]"

Fig.26

Corrosion tests of ionic liquid and LMWG2. The speed-up corrosion test solution contains LMWG and ILs with different contents in saturated Ca(OH)2 solution (45 days at room temperature)[30]"

Fig.27

Thixotropic behavior and friction and wear property of the ionogels[30]"