JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY(NATURAL SCIENCE) ›› 2019, Vol. 54 ›› Issue (1): 26-35.doi: 10.6040/j.issn.1671-9352.0.2018.387

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Influence of stand structure of Acer truncatum forest on rainfall redistribution based on modified Gash model

Yi-ran LI(),Rong-hua ZHANG,Ze-dong LI,Yong NIU*(),Yong-tao ZHANG*()   

  1. Forestry College of Shandong Agricultural University, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Ecological Restoration, Taishan Forest Eco-station of State Forestry Administration, Tai'an 271018, Shandong, China
  • Received:2018-07-09 Online:2019-01-20 Published:2019-01-23
  • Contact: Yong NIU,Yong-tao ZHANG E-mail:19754328@qq.com;150401973@qq.com;yongtaozhang@126.com
  • Supported by:
    山东省自然科学基金资助项目(ZR2016DB12);泰安市科技发展计划资助项目(20113052)

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Abstract:

Canopy interception is the starting point of rainfall distribution in forest ecosystem, and accurate simulation of canopy interception is the basis of exploring forest hydrological process. In order to study the influence of stand density on canopy interception and the adaptability of Gash modified model in stand structure, the Acer truncatum forests with two kinds of forest density in Badaling Forest Park of Beijing were taken as the research object. The simulation analysis of the canopy interception process was carried out, and the adaptability of the Gash correction model was discussed for the stand structural characteristics of the A. truncatum forest. The results showed that: (1) In the growing season of 2013, the measured values of the throughfall, stem flow and canopy interception of A. truncatum forest with the density of 3 665 strain/km2 were 365.5 mm, 38.19 mm and 69.82 mm, and the simulated values by the modified Gash model were 386.45 mm, 33.86 mm and 53.21 mm. Compared with the measured values, the relative errors were 5.73%, 4.33% and 23.80% respectively. The throughfall, stem flow and canopy interception of A. truncatum forest with the density of 1 090 strain/km2 were 380.2 mm, 19.04 mm and 74.25 mm, and the simulated values by the modified Gash model were 368.37 mm, 13.71 mm and 91.43 mm. And the relative errors were 3.12%, 27.99% and 23.13% compared with the measured values. Under the sparse forest conditions, more rainfall penetrated the canopy and entered the next hydrological effect layer of the forest ecosystem. The simulation results of the Gash modified model also showed basically consistent characteristics. The simulation accuracy of the model to the A. truncatum forest can basically meet the needs. (2) Sensitivity analysis of six key parameters in the Gash modified model was carried out, such as the average rainfall intensity (${\bar R}$), the drainage partitioning coefficient (Pt), the canopy storage capacity (S), the canopy cover fraction per unit area (c), the trunks storage capacity (St), the average saturated canopy evaporation rate(${\bar E}$). The influence of the six parameters on the A. truncatum forest with high density was R > S > E > St > c > Pt. And it was S > R > E > C > St > Pt on the A. truncatum forest with low density. It can be concluded from the analysis that it is the key to improve the simulation accuracy of the modified Gash model by selecting the appropriate time scale to calculate the average rainfall intensity and the canopy storage capacity. Proper thinning can provide better water conditions for stand growth.

Key words: modified Gash model, canopy interception, forest density, Acer truncatum, sensitivity analysis

CLC Number: 

  • S715.2

Fig.1

Characteristic frequency distribution of rainfall during the study period"

Fig.2

Relationship between rainfall and throughfall in Acer truncatum with different densities"

Fig.3

Relationship between rainfall and stem flow in Acer truncatum forests with different densities"

Table 1

The measured values of Acer truncatum forests with different densities andthe simulated values of modified Gash Model"

模型组成部分 元宝槭密林(3 660株/hm2) 元宝槭疏林(1 090株/hm2)
实测值/mm 模拟值/mm 实测值/mm 模拟值/mm
m次林冠未达到饱和状态时的降雨量/mm / 2.40 / 4.84
n次林冠达到饱和状态的林冠加湿过程/mm / 0.67 / 2.22
降雨终止前饱和状态林冠的蒸发散/mm / 20.49 / 17.26
降雨停止后的林冠蒸发散/mm / 21.17 / 66.95
q次树干达到饱和时的蒸发散/mm / 8.06 / 0.16
n-q次树干未达到饱和状态时的降雨量/mm / 0.42 / 0.00
林冠截留量/mm 69.8 53.21 74.3 91.43
树干茎流量/mm 38.2 33.86 19.0 13.71
穿透雨量/mm 365.5 386.45 380.2 368.37

Fig.4

Sensitivity analysis of Gash modified model parameters of Acer truncatum forest with high stand density(left) or low stand density(right)"

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