基于DSAS模型的青海省大通河近十年岸线迁移演化趋势及其治理模式

doi:10.6040/j.issn.1671-9352.0.2026.019

《山东大学学报(理学版)》 ›› 2026, Vol. 61 ›› Issue (10): 98-109.doi: 10.6040/j.issn.1671-9352.0.2026.019

• 生态风险与综合治理 • 上一篇

基于DSAS模型的青海省大通河近十年岸线迁移演化趋势及其治理模式

宣炳旭^1,2,毛旭锋^1,2*,魏晓燕³,于红妍⁴,宋秀华⁵,张乐乐^1,2,杜凯^1,2,杨永潇^1,2,袁冬海^1,2,谢顺邦⁵

1.青藏高原地表过程与生态保育教育部重点实验室, 青海省自然地理与环境过程重点实验室, 青海西宁 810008;2.青海师范大学地理科学学院, 高原科学与可持续发展研究院, 青海西宁 810008;3.青海师范大学经济与管理学院, 青海西宁 810008;4.祁连山国家公园青海服务保障中心, 青海西宁 810008;5.青海西宁湟水国家湿地公园管理服务中心, 青海西宁 810008

发布日期:2026-10-16
通讯作者: 毛旭锋(1981— ),男,教授,博士生导师,博士,研究方向为湿地生态过程. E-mail:maoxufeng@yeah.net
作者简介:宣炳旭(2001— ),男,硕士研究生,研究方向为湿地生态过程. E-mail:xuanbingxuhebei@163.com*通信作者:毛旭锋(1981— ),男,教授,博士生导师,博士,研究方向为湿地生态过程. E-mail:maoxufeng@yeah.net
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金资助项目(52070108);青海省自然科学基金资助项目(2024-ZJ-910);青海省高端创新创业计划领军人才项目

Evolution trend and governance model of shoreline migration in the Datong River of Qinghai Province over the past decade based on the DSAS model

XUAN Bingxu^1,2, MAO Xufeng^1,2*, WEI Xiaoyan³, YU Hongyan⁴, SONG Xiuhua⁵, ZHANG Lele^1,2, DU Kai^1,2, YANG Yongxiao^1,2, YUAN Donghai^1,2, XIE Shunbang⁵

1. Key Laboratory of Land Surface Process and Ecological Conservation(Ministry of Education), Qinghai Provincial Key Laboratory of Physical Geography and Environmental Process, Xining, Qinghai 810008, China;
2. Academy of Plateau Science and Sustainability, School of Geographic Sciences, Qinghai Normal University, Xining, Qinghai 810008, China;
3. School of Economics and Management, Qinghai Normal University, Xining, Qinghai 810008, China;
4. Qilian Mountain National Park Qinghai Service Support Center, Xining, Qinghai 810008, China;
5. Qinghai Xining Huangshui National Wetland Park Management Service Center, Xining, Qinghai 810008, China

Published:2026-10-16

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 河流岸线迁移格局是河岸综合治理的重要依据之一。以青藏高原东北缘的大通河干流为对象,选取水源涵养功能主导的自然岸线河段(祁连段)与农业综合治理功能主导的工程岸线河段(门源段),基于数字海岸线分析系统(digital shoreline analysis system, DSAS)模型,结合多源遥感与水文再分析数据,定量分析2016—2025年间高寒河流在不同管理背景下的岸线演变特征,提出基于“自然保育—工程防护”差异化的河岸分区治理模式。结果表明:(1)大通河岸线左岸侵蚀显著高于右岸:左岸平均迁移变化速率为-0.87 m/a,右岸平均变化速率为-0.21 m/a;(2)岸线迁移强度呈现显著的空间分异特征(p<0.01),门源段最大水力能量强度是祁连段的3倍,但其平均地貌活跃度(1.29 m/a)较祁连段(2.03 m/a)低36%,呈现出显著高驱动、低响应的特征;(3)人工干预使地貌活跃度平均降低0.74 m/a,证实差异化分区治理模式的有效性。研究结果阐明在自然保育功能区保留地貌自由度以涵养水源、在人类活动密集区强化边界约束以保障安全,为高寒流域的精细化管理提供支撑。

关键词: 岸线迁移, 岸线治理, 大通河, DSAS

Abstract: The migration pattern of river shorelines is one of the important bases for comprehensive riparian management. Taking the main stream of the Datong River on the northeastern margin of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau as the study object, this research selected two reaches: the natural shoreline reach(Qilian section)dominated by water conservation functions, and the engineered shoreline reach(Menyuan section)dominated by comprehensive agricultural management functions. Based on the digital shoreline analysis system(DSAS)model, combined with multi-source remote sensing and hydrological reanalysis data, this study quantitatively analyzed the evolutionary characteristics of alpine river shorelines under different management regimes from 2016 to 2025, and proposed a differentiated riparian zonal management model based on “nature conservation-engineering protection”. The results showed that:(1)bank erosion on the left bank of the Datong River was significantly higher than that on the right bank: the average migration rate of the left bank was -0.87 m/a, while that of the right bank was -0.21 m/a.(2)shoreline migration intensity exhibited significant spatial differentiation(p<0.01). The maximum hydraulic energy intensity in the Menyuan section was three times that in the Qilian section, but its average geomorphic activity(1.29 m/a)was 36% lower than that in the Qilian section(2.03 m/a), showing a characteristic of “high driving force but low response”.(3)Human intervention reduced the average geomorphic activity by 0.74 m/a, verifying the effectiveness of the differentiated zonal management model. The findings clarify that retaining geomorphic freedom in nature conservation functional zones to conserve water resources, and strengthening boundary constraints in areas with intensive human activities to ensure safety, provide support for refined management of alpine watersheds.

Key words: shoreline migration, riverbank management, Datong River, DSAS

中图分类号:

TV147

宣炳旭,毛旭锋,魏晓燕,于红妍,宋秀华,张乐乐,杜凯,杨永潇,袁冬海,谢顺邦. 基于DSAS模型的青海省大通河近十年岸线迁移演化趋势及其治理模式[J]. 《山东大学学报(理学版)》, 2026, 61(10): 98-109.

XUAN Bingxu, MAO Xufeng, WEI Xiaoyan, YU Hongyan, SONG Xiuhua, ZHANG Lele, DU Kai, YANG Yongxiao, YUAN Donghai, XIE Shunbang. Evolution trend and governance model of shoreline migration in the Datong River of Qinghai Province over the past decade based on the DSAS model[J]. JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY(NATURAL SCIENCE), 2026, 61(10): 98-109.

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基于DSAS模型的青海省大通河近十年岸线迁移演化趋势及其治理模式

Evolution trend and governance model of shoreline migration in the Datong River of Qinghai Province over the past decade based on the DSAS model

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