黄河下游生境质量与城市化的耦合研究

doi:10.6040/j.issn.1671-9352.0.2022.553

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

在城市化进程中, 自然生境因受到人为扰动而产生不同程度的退化, 阻碍了区域高质量发展, 生境质量与城市化发展的耦合协调关系亟待调和。本文以黄河下游为研究区, 采用生态系统服务与权衡的综合评估(integrated valuation of ecosystem service and trade-offs, InVEST)模型分析2000—2020年黄河下游生境质量的时空演变特征, 并结合表征城市化水平的灯光指数, 借助耦合协调模型和解耦模型评估生境质量与城市化水平的交互耦合关系。结果表明: (1) 2000—2020年, 黄河下游生境质量整体水平较差但逐渐趋于改善, 生境质量较高的地区主要集中在沿海、沿湖湿地, 西南和东部的山地丘陵, 总体呈现出中部低、边缘高的态势, 分布格局较稳定。(2)黄河下游城市化水平总体提高, 区域差异增强, 逐渐发展成为以济-淄、郑-新城市圈为重要增长极城市化水平分布格局。(3)黄河下游生境质量与城市化的耦合协调阶段属于基本协调阶段, 向失调方向转化的县(区)减少, 解耦类型主要为强负解耦和弱解耦两种消极解耦类型, 且消极解耦类型占比逐渐减少, 两系统的耦合协调程度加深, 解耦程度降低, 整体向协调化方向发展。

关键词: 生境质量, 生态系统服务与权衡的综合评估模型, 城市化, 耦合协调, 黄河下游

Abstract:

In the process of urbanization, natural habitats have been degraded to different degrees by human disturbance, which hinders high-quality regional development. The coupled and coordinated relationship between habitat quality and urbanization development needed to be reconciled. In this paper, we used the InVEST model to analyze the spatial and temporal evolution characteristics of habitat quality in the lower Yellow River from 2000 to 2020, and used the light index to characterize the urbanization level, and evaluated the interactive coupling relationship between habitat quality and urbanization with the help of coupled coordination model and decoupling model. The results showed that (1) From 2000 to 2020, the overall level of habitat quality in the lower Yellow River was poor but gradually tended to improve. The areas with higher habitat quality were mainly concentrated in coastal and lakeside wetlands, southwestern and eastern hills and mountains, showing a general trend of low in the middle and high at the edges, with a more stable distribution pattern. (2) The overall level of urbanization in the lower Yellow River has improved and regional differences have been enhanced, gradually developing into a pattern of urbanization level distribution with Ji-Zi and Zheng-Xin urban areas as important growth poles. (3) The coupling and coordination stage of habitat quality and urbanization in the lower Yellow River belonged to the basic coordination stage. The number of counties transformed to the direction of decoupling decreased. The decoupling types are mainly strong negative decoupling and weak decoupling two negative decoupling types, and the proportion of negative decoupling types gradually decreased. The coupling coordination degree of the two systems deepened, the decoupling degree decreased, and the overall development in the direction of coordination.

Key words: habitat quality, InVEST model, urbanization, coupled coordination, the lower Yellow River

中图分类号:

X321

孙金欣,韩美,孔凡彪,魏帆. 黄河下游生境质量与城市化的耦合研究[J]. 《山东大学学报(理学版)》, 2024, 59(11): 110-125.

Jinxin SUN,Mei HAN,Fanbiao KONG,Fan WEI. A coupling study of habitat quality and urbanization in the lower Yellow River[J]. JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY(NATURAL SCIENCE), 2024, 59(11): 110-125.

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数据类型	数据产品	分辨率	数据来源	链接
土地利用数据	—	1 km	中国科学院资源环境科学与数据中心	https://www.resdc.cn/
夜间灯光数据^[34]	—	1 km	国家青藏高原科学数据中心	http://data.tpdc.ac.cn
NDVI数据	MODIS(MOD09A1)	500 m	USGS	https://www.usgs.gov
NPP数据	MODI(MOD17A2H)	500 m	USGS	https://www.usgs.gov

威胁源	最大影响距离/km	权重	空间衰退类型
耕地	3	0.5	线性
城镇用地	10	1.0	指数
农村居民用地	5	0.7	指数
其他建筑用地	7	0.9	指数
未利用地	1	0.3	线性

土地利用类型	生境适宜性	威胁因子
土地利用类型	生境适宜性	耕地	城镇用地	农村居民用地	其他建筑用地	未利用地
耕地	0.4	0	1.0	0.5	0.6	0.2
林地	1.0	0.8	1.0	0.7	0.8	0.4
草地	0.8	0.6	0.8	0.6	0.7	0.6
水体湿地	0.9	0.7	0.9	0.7	0.8	0.3
未利用地	0.0	0.5	0.6	0.6	0.6	0.0

耦合度C	耦合阶段
0≤C≤0.3	低水平耦合
0.3 < C≤0.6	拮抗阶段
0.6 < C≤0.8	磨合阶段
0.8<C≤1	高水平耦合

耦合协调度D	耦合协调度阶段
0≤D≤0.2	极度失调
0.2 < D≤0.4	中度失调
0.4 < D≤0.6	基本协调
0.6 < D≤0.8	中度协调
0.8 < D≤1	高度协调