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《山东大学学报(理学版)》 ›› 2024, Vol. 59 ›› Issue (1): 132-138.doi: 10.6040/j.issn.1671-9352.0.2023.216

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山东省不同海拔区域常见树种树高、胸径及其生长关系的差异

张文馨1(),李强2,王宁3,范小莉1,王蕙3,姜成平4,梁玉1,*()   

  1. 1. 山东省林业科学研究院, 山东 济南 250014
    2. 海南医学院热带医学院, 海南 海口 571199
    3. 山东大学生命科学学院, 山东 青岛 266237
    4. 烟台市森林资源监测保护服务中心, 山东 烟台 264001
  • 收稿日期:2023-05-12 出版日期:2024-01-20 发布日期:2024-01-19
  • 通讯作者: 梁玉 E-mail:zhangwenxin_508@163.com;liangyu_79@163.com
  • 作者简介:张文馨(1989—), 女, 高级工程师, 博士, 研究方向为生态学. E-mail: zhangwenxin_508@163.com
  • 基金资助:
    国家科技基础性工作专项项目资助(2011FY110300);白榆白蜡森林认证资助项目(SCSFP-RZ-1);核桃森林认证资助项目(SCSFP-RZ-2)

Differences in height, diameter at breast height, and growth relationships between them of common tree species at different altitudes in Shandong Province

Wenxin ZHANG1(),Qiang LI2,Ning WANG3,Xiaoli FAN1,Hui WANG3,Chengping JIANG4,Yu LIANG1,*()   

  1. 1. Shandong Academy of Forestry, Jinan 250014, Shandong, China
    2. School of Tropical Medicine of Hainan Medical University, Haikou 571199, Hainan, China
    3. School of Life Sciences of Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, Shandong, China
    4. Yantai Forest Resources Monitoring and Protection Service Center, Yantai 264001, Shandong, China
  • Received:2023-05-12 Online:2024-01-20 Published:2024-01-19
  • Contact: Yu LIANG E-mail:zhangwenxin_508@163.com;liangyu_79@163.com

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摘要：

利用山东植物群落清查数据, 选取山东常见树种为研究对象, 分析其树高、胸径特征, 采用单因素方差分析法比较树高、胸径在不同海拔区域是否存在显著差异, 采用标准化主轴估计法研究不同海拔区域不同树种树高和胸径异速生长关系。研究发现, 不同海拔区域间树木的树高、胸径及其生长关系存在显著差异, 不同海拔区域各树种采取的异速生长模式有所差异。麻栎、刺槐、栓皮栎这3种阔叶树种在不同海拔区域树高-胸径生长关系均呈现异速生长模式, 胸径的生长速率大于树高的生长速率。侧柏在低海拔区域胸径的生长速率大于树高的生长速率, 而在中海拔区域树高的生长速率大于胸径的生长速率。油松在低海拔区域树高的生长速率较快, 而在中海拔和高海拔区域胸径的生长速率较快。赤松和日本落叶松分别在高海拔和中海拔区域采取等速生长模式, 在其他海拔区域采取异速生长模式, 胸径的生长速率大于树高的生长速率。海拔带来的环境变化能够影响树木的生长过程, 但不同树种生长的响应差异是其所处生境和物种遗传特性共同作用的结果。

关键词: 树高, 胸径, 异速生长, 海拔

Abstract:

Based on the data of plant community inventory in Shandong Province, the common tree species were selected as the research objects to analyze the characteristics of diameter at breast height(DBH) and tree height. Single factor analysis of variance was used to compare whether DBH and tree height were significantly different at different altitudes. The allometric growth relationship between tree height and DBH of different tree species at different altitudes was studied by standardized major axis estimation. The study found that there were significant differences in DBH, tree height and their growth relationship at different altitudes, and height-DBH allometry of different tree species at different altitudes was different. The height-DBH growth relationship of three broad-leaved tree species, Quercus acutissima, Robinia pseudoacacia and Quercus variabilis, shows allometry growth at different altitudes, and the growth rate of DBH is greater than that of tree height. At low altitude, the growth rate of DBH of Platycladus orientalis was higher than that of tree height, while at middle altitude, the growth rate of tree height was higher than that of DBH. For Pinus tabulaeformis, the growth rate of tree hight is faster at low altitude areas, while the growth rate of DBH is faster in middle and high altitude areas. Pinus densiflora and Larix kaempferi have adopted isokinetic growth patterns in high and medium altitude areas. The environmental changes caused by altitude gradients can affect the growth process of trees, but the differences in growth response of different tree species are the result of the combined effects of habitat and genetic characteristics.

Key words: tree height, diameter at breast height, allometry, altitude

中图分类号: 

  • Q948

表1

山东常见树种调查信息表"

树种 调查个体数 海拔/m 平均树高/m 平均胸径/cm
侧柏 2 888 31~841 7.77±0.05 12.37±0.10
赤松 4 120 62~1 058 5.97±0.05 11.91±0.10
油松 3 231 80~1 344 6.32±0.07 13.26±0.12
日本落叶松 1 010 125~1 339 12.80±0.20 19.34±0.29
麻栎 2 632 7~1 208 7.38±0.07 12.28±0.14
刺槐 6 483 0~1 162 7.92±0.04 11.75±0.08
栓皮栎 1 228 40~922 7.58±0.10 12.68±0.24

图1

不同海拔山东主要树种的胸径和树高 CB: 侧柏, CS: 赤松, YS: 油松, LYS: 日本落叶松, ML: 麻栎, CH: 刺槐, SPL: 栓皮栎。注：a、b、c代表不同组间显著性差异的比较结果。两组间有相同字母，则两组间无显著差异；两组间无相同字母，则两组间存在显著差异。"

表2

山东常见树种不同海拔胸径-树高的异速生长关系"

树种 海拔/m 斜率 截距 斜率下限 斜率上限 截距下限 截距上限 R2 P 异速生长模式
< 500 0.73 0.08 0.70 0.76 0.05 0.11 0.37 < 0.001 -
侧柏 500~1 000 1.23 -0.39 1.16 1.30 -0.47 -0.32 0.15 < 0.001 +
>1 000 — — — — — — — — —
< 500 0.89 -0.21 0.87 0.92 -0.24 -0.18 0.42 < 0.001 -
赤松 500~1 000 0.92 -0.18 0.87 0.96 -0.23 -0.13 0.48 < 0.001 -
>1 000 1.02 -0.32 0.89 1.17 -0.48 -0.16 0.36 0.76 =
< 500 1.20 -0.53 1.15 1.24 -0.58 -0.48 0.51 < 0.001 +
油松 500~1 000 0.92 -0.24 0.89 0.96 -0.28 -0.20 0.32 < 0.001 -
>1 000 0.83 -0.10 0.76 0.91 -0.19 -0.01 0.38 < 0.001 -
< 500 0.60 0.30 0.43 0.84 0.05 0.54 0.28 < 0.001 -
日本落叶松 500~1 000 0.98 -0.14 0.94 1.01 -0.19 -0.10 0.73 0.21 =
>1 000 0.86 -0.04 0.78 0.95 -0.15 0.06 0.32 < 0.001 -
< 500 0.89 -0.10 0.86 0.92 -0.13 -0.06 0.52 < 0.001 -
麻栎 500~1 000 0.81 0.02 0.77 0.84 -0.02 0.06 0.59 < 0.001 -
>1 000 0.69 0.05 0.57 0.83 -0.08 0.17 0.60 < 0.001 -
< 500 0.77 0.08 0.76 0.79 0.07 0.10 0.57 < 0.001 -
刺槐 500~1 000 0.79 0.07 0.78 0.81 0.05 0.09 0.65 < 0.001 -
>1 000 0.86 -0.07 0.78 0.95 -0.16 0.02 0.74 < 0.001 -
< 500 0.64 0.19 0.62 0.67 0.17 0.22 0.57 < 0.001 -
栓皮栎 500~1 000 0.83 -0.05 0.77 0.90 -0.13 0.03 0.34 < 0.001 -
>1 000 — — — — — — — — —
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