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Research progress on fabrication and application of self-healing superhydrophobic materials WANG Yutao, LIAN Yuechang, ZHAO Shengyuan, LIU Wendong JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY(NATURAL SCIENCE)    2025, 60 (10): 59-78.   DOI: 10.6040/j.issn.1671-9352.0.2025.155 Abstract （480）      PDF（pc） （20350KB）（2032）       Save Superhydrophobic materials have been widely applied in anti-fouling, oil-water separation, and fluid manipulation due to their excellent liquid repellency. As a result of the synergistic effect between surface micro/nano structures and low surface energy substances, the surface wettability of superhydrophobic materials is highly susceptible to physical damage, UV irradiation, chemical corrosion, etc., which significantly limits their practical applications. Therefore, developing durable superhydrophobic materials is desirable. In the past decade, researchers have extended the service life of superhydrophobic materials by endowing them with self-healing properties, which not only enhances their practical performance but also broadens the application fields. In this review, an overview of the recent development of self-healing superhydrophobic materials focusing on fabrication strategies and possible applications is provided. Finally, an outlook on the future fabrication direction and application of self-healing superhydrophobic materials is presented. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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The two-grid algorithm of the finite volume element method for second-order indefinite elliptic problems DAI Zhen-xiang J4    Abstract （1959）      PDF（pc） （240KB）（61558）       Save The two-grid algorithm of the finite volume element method for second-order indefinite elliptic problems in R2 was presented ,based on the P1 nonconforming element.The following error estimated in the H1-norm between the solution of the two-grid and the finite volume element appoximation of the elliptic problem were derived::‖uh-uh‖1,h≤CH2‖f‖1,‖u-uh‖1,h≤C(h+H2)‖f‖1. Related Articles | Metrics

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Green financial support and enterprise green innovation strategy based on evolutionary game theory MA Wenyuan JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY(NATURAL SCIENCE)    2025, 60 (9): 110-120.   DOI: 10.6040/j.issn.1671-9352.0.2025.126 Abstract （406）      PDF（pc） （3901KB）（559）       Save Under the "dual carbon" goals context, examining the evolutionary game relationship between the government and enterprises within the green financial market using game theory holds significant implications for advancing the green transformation of the macroeconomy. This study employs a phase diagram analysis within the game decision-making theoretical framework and utilizes MATLAB software for empirical analysis. Numerical simulations were conducted to model the dynamic game process between the government and enterprises under green financial support. The research demonstrates that:(1)Within the bilateral regulatory game formed by the government and enterprises under green financial support, the decisions of both players exhibit mutual influence.(2)The government formulates green policies by referencing the statistics on penalized enterprises, while the net revenue of green projects is contingent on their social benefits.(3)Enterprises chosen green innovation strategies are significantly influenced by parameters related to their own profitability and the level of governmental green financial support. The findings provide valuable insights for incentivizing enterprises to pursue green innovation, establishing a dual-agent coordination mechanism within the green financial market system, and forming an effective interactive game framework between the government and enterprises. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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The method of case retrieval with determining case attribute weights based on emergency decision perspective ZHENG Jing, WANG Ying-ming, ZHANG Kai JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY(NATURAL SCIENCE)    2017, 52 (1): 56-64.   DOI: 10.6040/j.issn.1671-9352.0.2016.168 Abstract （1813）      PDF（pc） （788KB）（3837）       Save Case-based reasoning is one of the effective methods to generate emergency alternative in the emergency, and case retrieval is an important process. We propose a case retrieval method based on prospect theory and grey system theory to deal with the situation of considering the influence of the decision makers risk attitude and the relevance between the problem and the solution, respectively. The prospect value is defined based on the prospect theory, the correlation degree between the solution and the problem is defined according to the grey system theory. Furthermore, the nonlinear weight optimization models of minimum deviation are constructed to get the optimal weights. Then the optimal alternative can be determined according to the similarity of the emergency cases. Finally, we prove the feasibility of the proposed method through an emergency case. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Action on p-groups and p-supersolvability BAI Pengfei, WANG Junxin, CAO Jianji JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY(NATURAL SCIENCE)    2025, 60 (5): 13-19.   DOI: 10.6040/j.issn.1671-9352.0.2023.469 Abstract （320）      PDF（pc） （758KB）（1031）       Save Let a finite group A act on a finite p-group P with |P|>pe≥p3, where e is a fixed positive integer. In this paper, it is proved that if every non-cyclic and non-maximal class subgroup of order pe of P is O p(A)-invariant, then O p(AAp-1) acts trivially on P(namely CP(O p(AAp-1))=P), where Ap-1 is a formation which consists of all abelian groups with exponent dividing p-1 and AAp-1 is the Ap-1-residue of A. Some sufficient conditions for a finite group to be p-supersolvable are also given. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Study on conditions for the existence of bound states in central field with variational method J4    2009, 44 (5): 62-66.   Abstract （2029）      PDF（pc） （203KB）（1697）       Save In quantum physics, variational method can be used to study the conditions for the existence of bound states in a central field. We take the following six kinds of potentials, V1(r)=-V0a δ(r-a), V2(r)=-V0e-r／a, V3(r)=-V0ae-r／a／r, V4(r)=-V0e-r2／a2, V5(r)=-e2／r, and V6(r)=-A／r2 as examples to demonstrate the usage of this method. The derived conditions for V1 to V4　are μγa2／2>068,084,1,195 respectively; for V5, the bound states can exist for e with arbitrary value, while for V6, there is no bound states for any value of A. We also get the precise conditions by solving the Schroedinger equation for these potentials. A comparison of the results obtained by these two methods shows that the conditions derived by the variational method are sufficient, but not necessary conditions. Related Articles | Metrics

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Research on self-supervised pre-training for recommender systems Jiyuan YANG,Muyang MA,Pengjie REN,Zhumin CHEN,Zhaochun REN,Xin XIN,Fei CAI,Jun MA JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY(NATURAL SCIENCE)    2024, 59 (7): 1-26.   DOI: 10.6040/j.issn.1671-9352.1.2023.043 Abstract （1255）   HTML （7）    PDF（pc） （7266KB）（4899）       Save Plenty of recent studies explores the application of pre-training techniques within the context of recommendation scenarios and the design of pre-training tasks in order to enhance the overall performance of recommendation. This paper extensively reviews the progress in research of recommendation models based on pre-training, classifies and compares different pre-training methods, and conducts extensive experiments and analyses on some representative models using three benchmark datasets for recommendation systems. The datasets and codes have been made open source. Finally, we summarize and prospect the future development trend of recommendation models based on pre-training. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Pottiaceae in Shandong Province, China LI De-li, REN Zhao-jie, YAN Li-mei, BIAN Xin-yu,ZHAO Zun-tian JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY(NATURAL SCIENCE)    2016, 51 (3): 11-18.   DOI: 10.6040/j.issn.1671-9352.0.2015.401 Abstract （1914）      PDF（pc） （1051KB）（3966）       Save Based on the identification of about 5500 specimens collected from Shandong Province, 79 species, 3 varieties and 24 genera of Pottiaceae in Shandong Province are reported. Among them, Weissia muhlenbergiana (Swartz)W. D. Reese & B. A. E. Lemmon is found from China for the first time, while 3 genera, Chenia R. H. Zander, Gymnostomiella M. Fleisch. and Tuerckheimia Broth., and 28 species are reported from Shandong Province for the first time. At the same time, the species composition based on the specimens collected before and after 2000 are compared, it is found that the difference is obvious, and the reasons are given. This study aims to clarify the species diversity of Pottiaceae in Shandong Province. At the same time, the study can provide new data for the bryophyte researches of China. Related Articles | Metrics

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Ambidextrous innovation of brand community members' resource endowment Wen-yuan MA,Qiu-tong LI,Yao-yao ZHANG,Jin ZHU JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY(NATURAL SCIENCE)    2020, 55 (1): 77-85.   DOI: 10.6040/j.issn.1671-9352.0.2019.596 Abstract （1719）   HTML （10）    PDF（pc） （1008KB）（4733）       Save Based on the ability-motivation-opportunity (AMO) theory, the mechanism of ambidextrous innovation motivation of brand community members were studied using structural equation modeling. The moderating role of community commitment to the innovation processes was explored. It was found that (1) brand knowledge positively influences the exploitative innovation, while social capital has a positive impact on exploratory innovation; (2) the community innovation opportunity partially mediates the negative influence of members' brand knowledge on exploitative innovation and positive influences of members' social capital on exploratory innovation; (3)member's community commitment negatively moderates the influence of community innovation opportunities to the exploitative innovation. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Elliptic curves in cryptography: past, present and future… ZHANG Fang-guo J4    2013, 48 (05): 1-13.   Abstract （2329）      PDF（pc） （1139KB）（6800）       Save  From the beginning of the nineteenth century, mathematicians have put the elliptic curves as a research objective of algebra, geometry and number theory to study in-depth. So far, the theory of elliptic curves applied not only in the field of mathematics, and also widely in computing science, information security, physics and other fields. In this paper, we reviewed the application of elliptic curves in cryptography, from the primality testing, integer factorization to elliptic curve cryptosystem, bilinear pairing based cryptosystem and the quantum-resistant cryptosystems from elliptic curve isogenies. We introduced the basic principles and the status of these applications. Finally, we briefly discussed some open questions and possible future progress in this area. Related Articles | Metrics

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Purification and anti-tumor activity examination of water-soluble asterosaponin from Asterias rollestoni Bell ZHAO Jun1, ZHAO Jing2, FAN Ting-jun1*, YUAN Wen-peng1,3, ZHANG Zheng1, CONG Ri-shan1 J4    2013, 48 (1): 30-35.   Abstract （1352）      PDF（pc） （1945KB）（2150）       Save To develop natural antitumor medicaments from abandoned starfish shells, watersoluble asterosaponin from Asterias rollestoni Bell were isolated, purified and their antitumor bioactivities were examined. After extracted with hot water and purified with macroporous resin column and silica gel column chromatograghy respectively, watersoluble asterosaponin with purity of 99.6％ and properties of steroidal saponins was obtained. In vitro antitumor activity examination showed that the purified asterosaponin had high antitumor activity on HeLa cells, SGC7901 gastric cancer cells, A549 lung cancer cells and Bel7402 hepatocarcinoma cells. The inhibiting rate of 50 mg／L asterosaponin to the above four kinds of cancer cells was(92.06±2.60)％, (95.22±2.87)％, (95.04±3.30)％ and (91.60±4.30)％, and its corresponding IC50 value to these cells was 7.05, 5.28, 5.32 and 6.16mg／L, respectively. In vivo antitumor activity examination showed that the purified asterosaponin at the dose of 2.10μg／g bodyweight had obvious inhibiting effect on the S180 solid tumor in mice in a dose dependent manner. And tumorinhibiting rate of 10μg／g asterosaponin was as high as 46.27％, higher than that of 10μg／g cyclophosvnamide (CTX, one kind of anticancer drugs). Besides, 2.10μg／g asterosaponin could obviously increase the thymus index and spleen index of the tumor-bearing mice. Related Articles | Metrics

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Creditrisk assessment based on Logistic regression and credit strategy optimization modeling of small and medium-sized enterprises Zhongfeng QU,Honghua WU,Fanjun LI JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY(NATURAL SCIENCE)    2024, 59 (8): 94-102.   DOI: 10.6040/j.issn.1671-9352.0.2023.206 Abstract （1409）   HTML （11）    PDF（pc） （1260KB）（1546）       Save In order to facilitate banks to assess the credit risk of small and medium-sized enterprises, and formulate the optimal credit strategy, an indicator system composed of four primary risk assessment indicators, namely, business income ability, profitability, customer stability, and transaction vitality, is constructed by using the bank flow information of enterprises with upstream and downstream partners. The enterprise credit risk is predicted based on Logistic regression, and compares it with error back-propagation neural network. Combining the probability of default and the retention rate under different interest rates, taking the maximum expected return of banks on small and medium-sized enterprises as the objective function, the credit strategy optimization model is established. In order to verify the effectiveness of the model, the credit risk assessment and credit strategy optimization models are empirically analyzed. The results indicate that Logistic regression has high accuracy and recall, and the area under the curve of receiver operating characteristic reaches 0.964, which is suitable for credit risk prediction and assessment of small and medium-sized enterprises. The credit strategy optimization model can determine the loan amount and loan interest rate of each lending enterprise, and maximize the expected return of the bank. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Gambling strategies with their applications in money management systems SUI Yuan-yuan, YANG Wei-qiang* J4    2013, 48 (05): 97-104.   Abstract （1908）      PDF（pc） （4033KB）（2571）       Save The profit and risk of ruin were studied for some gambling strategies, such as the doubling bets strategy, Fibonacci betting strategy and the exposure controlling strategy. Moreover, the applications of these strategies in the money management systems were also analyzed and compared. The exposure controlling strategy is most profitable for the trading systems with positive expectations, but if used in the trading systems with negative expectations, it will not be profitable at all. However, Fibonacci betting strategy with appropriate position limit and threshold for periodic profits can ensure profit and avoid the risk of ruin effectively when the payoff ratio of a trading system is greater than 1.618 and the maximal consecutive loss count is well controlled. Related Articles | Metrics

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Research progress on multi-scale network epidemic dynamic: coupling individual immunity with population transmission WANG Yi, HAN Zhimin, LI Siqi JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY(NATURAL SCIENCE)    2025, 60 (4): 1-19.   DOI: 10.6040/j.issn.1671-9352.0.2024.289 Abstract （1027）      PDF（pc） （4648KB）（1411）       Save The multi-scale coupled epidemiological models(also known as the immuno-epidemiological models)has provided valuable biological insights into the study of infectious diseases by integrating pathogen dynamics within hosts and disease transmission processes between hosts. These models have addressed various research areas, including multi-strain infectious diseases, vector-borne transmission, environmental transmission, and optimal control. This paper reviewed the advancements in immuno-epidemiological models research over the past two decades. The studies not only focused on model analysis and the exploration of key biological factors but also examined the transition from homogeneous to heterogeneous mixing, as well as the extension from unidirectional to bidirectional coupling. Finally, based on the authors own work and understanding of the field, several important questions for future research were proposed. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Study on xylem structure and histochemistry in Aquilaria sinensis ZHANG Xing-li1,2,3, LIU Yang-yang2,4, CHEN Hong-jiang2,4, XU Yan-hong2, ZHANG Zheng2, YANG Yun2,4, WEI Jian-he 2, 4*, LIU Yu-jun1* J4    2012, 47 (7): 1-5.   Abstract （1866）      PDF（pc） （2738KB）（4125）       Save  To study the morphological and quantitative characteristics of the xylem and histochemistry of differentaged stems in Aquilaria sinensis, the anatomical structure of the stem was analyzed using the Jeffery method, histochemical staining, and microscopic observation. The results showed that the xylem was composed of 5 parts: pith, included phloem, xylem rays, vessels, and fiber tracheids. A transverse section showed that the included phloem (foraminate type) evenly distributed in the xylem. The xylem rays belonged to heterogeneous Ⅲ. The vessel pores were generally arranged as follows: radial pore clusters (2 to 4), multiple pores, pore chains (5 to 10), or a single pore; vestured pits were alternately arranged in the vessels′ lateral walls. Acclivitous simple vestured pits were present in the lateral walls of the fiber tracheid. Trabeculae were present in the neighboring fiber tracheids of the pith. Embolisms were present in the vessels and the fiber tracheids. Trabeculae and embolisms were firstly observed in A. sinensis. The levels and storage tissues of starch, reducing sugars, and volatile constituents were significantly different in the differentaged xylem. This study provides basic anatomical evidence for agarwood formation. Related Articles | Metrics

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Genetic diversities of wolves mtDNA D-loop in northwestern Mongolian LIU Yuan-chao, ZHAO Jing, CHU Hong-jun, DONG Tan-cheng, HAN Li-li, TAO Yong-shan, GE Yan JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY(NATURAL SCIENCE)    2015, 50 (01): 42-49.   DOI: 10.6040/j.issn.1671-9352.0.2014.286 Abstract （2041）      PDF（pc） （2220KB）（3815）       Save Genetic diversities of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) D-loop and maternal origin of northwestern Mongolian Canis lupus were investigated. Thirty 519 bp mtDNA D-loop sequences were analyzed by PCR and sequencing techniques, and the phylogenetic trees were constructed based on the mtDNA D-loop sequences of northwestern Mongolian Canis lupus samples and other wolves D-loop sequence available from NCBI. There were 7 unique haplotypes with 29 polymorphic sites in northwestern Mongolian Canis lupus, which account for 4.9% of 519 bp sequence analyzed. The haplotype diversity(h) and nucleotide diversity(π) were 0.952±0.096 and 0.011 60±0.006 46, respectively. Moreover, northwestern Mongolian Canis lupus distributed in two branches, and are closely related to Xinjiang of China, Inner Mongolia of China, whereas they are less related to Qinghai of China, Tibet of China, and the Himalayan population. The northwest Mongolia Canis lupus have rather abundant genetic diversity and were greatly affected by other Canis lupus species in history. Qinghai of China, Tibet of China, and the Himalayan Canis lupus should belong to a group. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Ionic liquid gels Juan GAO,Xiao-lin WANG,Heinz HOFFMANN,Jing-cheng HAO JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY(NATURAL SCIENCE)    2019, 54 (1): 1-18.   DOI: 10.6040/j.issn.1671-9352.9.2018 Abstract （6810）   HTML （219）    PDF（pc） （20377KB）（3032）       Save Ionic liquid gels (Ionogels) are the kind of gels formed by using ionic liquids as dispersing media. As new mixed materials, ionogels not only keep the original properties of ionic liquids, but also solve the problems of ionic liquid spillover. The high plasticity in shape meets the needs of special materials and expands the application of ionic liquids. There are many kinds of ionogels, which can be divided into physical and chemical types. Recent years, the structures, properties and applications of ionogels have become one of the hot topics in colloid and interface sciences, as well as the main contents of soft matters. The progress in the construction, structures, properties and applications of ionogels in recent years is reviewed and summarized, which can provide an important theoretical guidance for the construction and applications of ionogels in the future. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Comprehensive credit evaluation of transportation enterprises based on game theory combinatorial weighting-TOPSIS method Antao LYU,Yongbin GAO,Wen HAN,Ying DONG,Zhenfang ZHONG,Qingchun MENG JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY(NATURAL SCIENCE)    2024, 59 (9): 88-97.   DOI: 10.6040/j.issn.1671-9352.0.2023.153 Abstract （665）   HTML （13）    PDF（pc） （1970KB）（1040）       Save Firstly, the index system of comprehensive credit evaluation of transportation enterprises is constructed from four aspects: basic information, reward recognition, reputation assessment and administrative penalty. Secondly, the weights of each index are obtained by using game theory combination assignment method, and the comprehensive credit evaluation model of enterprises by game theory combination assignment-TOPSIS method is constructed. Finally, the data of transportation enterprises in Shandong Province are used for experimental analysis to obtain the credit evaluation results. The study shows that: the weighting of each first-level index is ranked as administrative penalty, award recognition, reputation assessment, basic information, indicating that the relevant departments should focus on assessing the administrative punishment index of enterprises; the credit evaluation results are consistent with the actual, which verifies the rationality of the evaluation model. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Optimality conditions for non-differentiable multi-objective programming in terms of convexificators TIAN Xue-quan1, XU Shu2 J4    2012, 47 (10): 75-80.   Abstract （1032）      PDF（pc） （601KB）（2962）       Save For a non-differentiable multi-objective programming (MP) problem with inequality constraints, the necessary conditions were established under generalized Slater constraint qualification and generalized linear independence constraint qualification in terms of the concept of convexificators, and the results were extended to the multiobjective optimization. Related Articles | Metrics

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Characterization and structural control of metalbased nanomaterials YANG Jun JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY(NATURAL SCIENCE)    2013, 48 (1): 1-22.   DOI: 10.6040/j.issn.1671-9352.9.2012.001 Abstract （1969）      PDF（pc） （6800KB）（9980）       Save The common analytical and characteristic techniques including UV-visible spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM) are briefly introduced in this review article. In addition, in wetchemistry based syntheses, the approaches used to tune the structure of metal-based nanomaterials are categorized and discussed. Related Articles | Metrics

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Surface tension and adsorption behavior of liquid homogeneous mixtures MA Wenchao, DU Na, HOU Wanguo JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY(NATURAL SCIENCE)    2025, 60 (10): 105-116.   DOI: 10.6040/j.issn.1671-9352.0.2025.140 Abstract （255）      PDF（pc） （6641KB）（400）       Save The surface tension and adsorption of liquid mixtures have been widely studied, but there is still a lack of universal thermodynamic prediction models. Recently, we proposed a predictive model, called the “surface aggregation adsorption(SAA)” model, which has two parameters with definite physical meaning, i.e., the adsorption equilibrium constant(K)and the average surface aggregation number(n). The SAA model can predict the surface tension and composition of multicomponent liquid mixtures using the model parameters of corresponding binary systems. However, its applicability needs to be examined, especially for the systems with four or more components. In the current work, the surface tensions of ternary, quaternary, and quinary mixtures composed of iso-propanol(iPrOH), water, n-decane(DA), ethanol(EtOH), and n-butanol(nBuOH)were determined under different bulk compositions. A good agreement between the model prediction and experimental results was observed, confirming the rationality and universality of the SAA model. Based on the SAA model, the surface adsorption behavior of liquid mixtures was investigated. For a given liquid mixture, adding another liquid will weaken the relative adsorption tendency of the component with the highest n value in the original system, while enhance that of the component with the lowest n value. This work has deepened our understanding of the surface adsorption behavior of liquid mixtures. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Evaluation method of used truck value based on GA-BP neural network model YAN Shengyu, LIU Yang, LIU Jixiang, CHEN Haifeng, ZHENG Yuanwang, WEN Fuhua, WANG Hongyu JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY(NATURAL SCIENCE)    2025, 60 (12): 11-20.   DOI: 10.6040/j.issn.1671-9352.0.2024.243 Abstract （197）      PDF（pc） （7640KB）（442）       Save To accurately evaluate the value of the used trucks, a GA-BP(genetic algorithm-backpropagation)neural network evaluation method is proposed, based on the historical transaction data of e-commerce platform. Considering the use features of the used trucks, 11 key indicators affecting the transaction value are selected and the quantitative standards of the indicators are put forward. The consistency of each index is tested by Pearson correlation coefficient method to verify the rationality of index selection. By compromising Genetic Algorithm and BP neural network, the evaluation model of the used trucks value by GA-BP neural network is proposed, and the model is trained and verified by using 9 016 transaction data. Compared with the unoptimized BP neural network model, the mean square error(MSE)of the model is reduced by 74.85%. Through the analysis of the average impact value, it is found that the cumulative mileage, cumulative driving time, emission standard, specific power and loading situation show the greatest influence on the value evaluation of used trucks, and the emission standard has gradually become an important indicator affecting used trucks. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Emotion analysis on Microblog short text SHI Han-xiao, LI Xiao-jun, HAO Teng-da, LIU Hong, ZHU Liu-qing JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY(NATURAL SCIENCE)    2017, 52 (7): 80-90.   DOI: 10.6040/j.issn.1671-9352.5.2016.034 Abstract （2515）      PDF（pc） （1036KB）（2759）       Save Studies on emotion analysis oriented to Microblog short text are a hot issue in present research. In this paper, dependency grammar was used to analyse Microblog short text and extract relation pair. We proposed the corresponding methods to compute sentiment value and add the corresponding results to discriminant model of sentiment sentences as features. We also proposed discrimination rules of sentiment sentences and utilized the rules to correspondingly preprocess or postprocess before or after the classification model in order to improve the discrimination rate of sentiment sentences. Finally, we used NLP&CC’2013 Chinese Microblog data to testify the effectiveness of our method through experiments. Results show our works have better performance comparing to the best evaluation in that year. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Existence of nontrivial solutions for boundary value problems of fractional differential equations MA Yan, ZHANG Ke-yu JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY(NATURAL SCIENCE)    2015, 50 (05): 68-73.   DOI: 10.6040/j.issn.1671-9352.0.2014.317 Abstract （2058）      PDF（pc） （696KB）（2587）       Save By applying the theory of Leray-Schauder degree, the existence of nontrivial solutions for the boundary value problems of fractional differential equations  is considered under some conditions concerning the first eigenvalue corresponding to the relevant linear operator.Here α∈(2,3]is a real number, D0+α is the standard Riemann-Liouville fractional derivative of order α. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Pollinators and pollen polymorphism of  Wisteria sinensis (Sims) Sweet ZHAO Tong-xin1, LIU Lin-de1*, ZHANG Li1, PAN Cheng-chen2, JIA Xing-jun1 JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY(NATURAL SCIENCE)    DOI: 10.6040/j.issn.1671-9352.0.2013.585

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On p-nilpotency and supersolubility of finite groups MAO Yue-mei, YANG Nan-ying JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY(NATURAL SCIENCE)    2016, 51 (4): 39-42.   DOI: 10.6040/j.issn.1671-9352.0.2015.239 Abstract （1522）      PDF（pc） （615KB）（1872）       Save By studying the weakly Fs-quasinormality of the maximal subgroup of Sylow subgroups of G, some new characterizations about p-nilpotency and supersolubility of G are obtained. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Effect on polluted water purification by eight emergent plants SUN Ruilian 1,2， ZHANG Jian 3， WANG Wenxing 1 J4    Abstract （1907）      PDF（pc） （333KB）（2562）       Save Potculture experiments were conducted to study the effects of eight emergent plants on purifying polluted water under different hydraulic retention times. Results showed that the purifying effects on pollutants were different among eight emergent plants and removal efficiency increased with hydraulic retention time. All plants had significant improvement for COD removal except Sparganium stenophyllum Maxim, when hydraulic retention time was 5 days. The COD removal efficiencies of Acorus calamus L., Scirpus validus Vahl, Typha latifolia L. and Iris wilsonii C. H. Wright were all about 90%, which were higher than those of the other plants. When the hydraulic retention time was 7 days, the removal efficiencies of eight plants for NH+4N and TN increased by 15.0%～41.8% and 6.7%～25.1% respectively as compared with the control. Iris wilsonii C. H. Wright, Zizania latifolia Turcz. and Typha latifolia L. showed excellent removal capacities of NH+4N and TN. TP removal efficiencies by Zizania latifolia Turcz. and Typha latifolia L. were significantly higher than that of control, the increased removal efficiencies for TP were 10.8% and 11.2% respectively. These results indicated that Iris wilsonii C. H. Wright, Zizania latifolia Turcz. and Typha latifolia L. could be selected for constructing wetland hydrophytes in Nansi Lake. Related Articles | Metrics

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Research advances of novel nonlinear optical crystals based on second-order Jahn-Teller effects (SOJT) ZHANG Jun-jie, ZHANG Zhong-han, TAO Xu-tang* JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY(NATURAL SCIENCE)    2011, 46 (10): 99-120.   Abstract （4188）      PDF（pc） （5876KB）（11524）       Save Explorations of new inorganic second-order nonlinear optical (NLO) materials is one of the current frontier topics due to their optoelectronics application such as frequency shifting, optical modulating, telecommunications and signal processing. Since 1998, a series of noncentrosymmetric (NCS) and polar oxides containing cations susceptible to second-order Jahn-Teller (SOJT) distortions, specifically, octahedrally coordinated d0 transition metals (TMs: Mo6+,W6+,V5+,Nb5+,etc.) and cations with stereochemically active lone pairs (SCALP, e.g. I5+, Te4+, Se4+, Sn2+, etc.), were successfully synthesized. Many of these materials exhibit large powder second-harmonic generation (SHG) efficiencies (> 400×α-SiO2). This paper reviews the progress on the materials in the past decade, including the search for new materials and crystal growth. The materials are divided into three categories: NCS oxides containing one kind of SOJT cations (d0 or SCALP), NCS oxides containing both kinds of SOJT cations, and NCS oxides containing SOJT cations and other NCS building units such as borate πorbital systems, tetrahedral groups and d10 transition metal cations (Zn2+, Cd2+, Sn4+, etc.). Related Articles | Metrics

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Studies on roots characteristics and correlations between the aerial and underground parts of Populus clones ZHAO Jian-cheng1, CAO Bang-hua1*, WU Li-yun2, ZHAO Pei1, HOU Rui1, NIU Qing-lin1 J4    2013, 48 (11): 7-13.   Abstract （1287）      PDF（pc） （2187KB）（2863）       Save A field experiment was conducted to investigate the roots characteristics and the correlations between the aboveground and underground parts of 20 Populus clones. The results showed that their root systems are mainly concentrated in 0～50cm soil layer, the root system is given priority to with horizontal root, vertical root basic disappearance, adventitious roots of small Angle, with the ground close to the level.Zhongzhu 1, NL 351, T 26 and zhongzhu 6 had larger total length of adventitious roots and zhongzhu 1, zhongzhu 6, NL 351 and I 107 adventitious roots in the total quantity is more which the ground diameter under 2cm accounted for 60％～80％ of total number of adventitious roots. The growth indexes between the aerial and underground parts, exists significant correlation relationship, such as height, crown diameter, root weight and root length. The root／shoot ratio ranged from 0.23 to 0.45. The root length per unit shoot weight differences is bigger, the biggest for T26, the smallest for zhonghe 1. The root absorption efficiency was significantly negative correlated with the root／shoot ratio and the root length per unit shoot weigh, known as root redundancy. By cluster analysis, 20 Populus clones were divided into 3 groups and 6 categories at similarity coefficient 1.3. The results may provide a theoretical basis for further breeding improved clones of poplar and management. Related Articles | Metrics

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Mechanism of Resina Draconis in promoting healing of diabetic foot wounds YANG Ziyu, DAI Zhaoyuan, LI Gen, FENG Xinchi JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY(NATURAL SCIENCE)    2025, 60 (9): 31-40.   DOI: 10.6040/j.issn.1671-9352.0.2025.031 Abstract （419）      PDF（pc） （12630KB）（350）       Save Network pharmacology, molecular docking, and experimental verification were employed to investigate the mechanism by which Resina Draconis promotes the healing of diabetic foot wounds. The TCMSP database was utilized to screen the chemical constituents and targets of Resina Draconis. Disease targets were retrieved from the GeneCards and DisGeNET databases using keywords such as “diabetic foot ulcer” and “diabetic wound”. A “component-disease-target” network diagram was created using the intersections of component targets and disease targets. Bioinformatic analysis predicted the mechanism of Resina Draconis in facilitating wound healing. Molecular docking was used to investigate the combination of the components of Resina Draconis and key targets. Mouse macrophages were used to study the effects of Resina Draconis and its main components on the expression of the receptor of advanced glycation end products(RAGE)protein. The results showed that 226 common disease targets were obtained by network pharmacological screening. KEGG enrichment analysis suggested that the effect of Resina Draconis on diabetic ulcers may be associated with the AGE-RAGE pathway. The results of molecular docking demonstrated that loureirin A, loureirin B, loureirin C, loureirin D, resveratrol, and 7,4'-dihydroxyflavone exhibited good binding activity with the key target RAGE. Resina Draconis and its main components could significantly reverse the abnormal expression of RAGE protein in mouse macrophages induced by advanced glycation end products(AGEs). In conclusion, the mechanism of Resina Draconis in promoting healing of diabetic foot ulcers was associated with the regulation of the AGE-RAGE pathway and the inhibition of the abnormal expression of the RAGE protein caused by the accumulation of advanced glycation end products(AGEs). Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Uniqueness of positive solutions of singular p-biharmonic equations with Hardy terms JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY(NATURAL SCIENCE)    2019, 54 (6): 75-80.   DOI: 10.6040/j.issn.1671-9352.0.2018.496 Abstract （1625）      PDF（pc） （369KB）（5513）       Save We study a class of singular p-biharmonic equations with Hardy terms. The existence and uniqueness of the positive solution for above problem is obtained by minimization method. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Complete characterization of graphs with exactly two negative eigenvalues Shuang WANG,Fang DUAN JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY(NATURAL SCIENCE)    2023, 58 (11): 160-164.   DOI: 10.6040/j.issn.1671-9352.0.2022.011 Abstract （777）   HTML （4）    PDF（pc） （599KB）（604）       Save Let Γn be the set of graphs of order n such that each of them has exactly two negative eigenvalues. In this paper, we introduce 3 graph transformations. Furthermore, we find 8 specific graphs in Γn, each of them has nullity no more than two and we show that, in terms of the above three congruent transformations of graph, all the other graphs of Γn can be constructed from these 8 specific graphs. Hence we completely characterize the graphs with exactly two negative eigenvalues. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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A sentiment analysis method based on a polarity lexicon ZHANG Cheng-gong 1, 2, LIU Pei-yu1, 2*, ZHU Zhen-fang1,2, FANG Ming1,2 J4    2012, 47 (3): 47-50.   Abstract （2550）      PDF（pc） （1026KB）（7048）       Save A polarity lexicon is the foundation of sentiment analysis and orientation analysis. An overall and effective polarity lexicon was constructed, including base lexicon, domain lexicon, network lexicon and modifier lexicon. The influence of modifiers to polarity words was studied. A sentiment analysis method based on a polarity lexicon was proposed, in which the modifiers and polarity words were combined into polarity phrases, and the phrase was used as the basic unit to compute the polarity of sentences and texts. Experimental results showed that the effect of orientation analysis using polarity lexicon raised in this paper was good. Related Articles | Metrics

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Research on genetic diversities of Asiatic beaver (Castor fiber birulai)on mtDNA D-loop HV-Ⅰin Xinjiang, China DU Cong-cong, ZHAO Jing, CHU Hong-jun, LIU Yuan-chao,DUAN Xiao-nan, CHEN Gang JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY(NATURAL SCIENCE)    2016, 51 (3): 19-28.   DOI: 10.6040/j.issn.1671-9352.0.2015.458 Abstract （1912）      PDF（pc） （1778KB）（2627）       Save Genetic diversities of Asiatic beaver(Castor fiber)in Xinjiang was investigated by analyzing the HV-Ⅰ sequences of the mitochondrial DNA control region(D-loop)of 16 individuals from the Ulungur watershed of Xinjiang in China. Results showed that the length of mtDNA D-loop HV-Ⅰ sequence of Xinjiang beaver was 569 bp, with nucleotide frequencies of 27.0%,32.7%,24.0% and 16.2% for A,T,G and C respectively, and the frequencies of A and T 山 东 大 学 学 报 (理 学 版)第51卷 - 第3期杜聪聪,等:新疆河狸mtDNA D-loop HV-Ⅰ区的遗传多样性研究 \=-was higher than that of G and C, which indicated the preference of nucleotides; that 10 polymorphic sites(2.03% of total analyzed sites)were found in the mtDNA D-loop HV-Ⅰ sequence of Xinjiang beaver compared with that(AY623632)of Mongolia beaver, of which there were four transitions sites, five transversions sites and one missing site; that Xinjiang beaver and Mongolia beaver were in one cluster by phylogenetic analyses based on the open mtDNA D-loop HV-Ⅰ sequence of beaver in other regions on GenBank, suggesting Xinjiang beaver also belonged to the subspecies of C. f. birulai; that Xinjiang beaver population had two unique haplotypes, whose haplotype diversity(Hd), nucleotide diversity(Pi)and average number of nucleotide differences(K)were 0.233 00±0.015 78, 0.001 23±0.015 90 and 0.700, indicating a low level of genetic diversity, deeply related to its limited environment and human factors. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Meta computing: a new computing paradigm under zero trust Xiuzhen CHENG,Weifeng LYU,Minghui XU,Runyu PAN,Dongxiao YU,Chenxu WANG,Yong YU,Xue XIAO JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY(NATURAL SCIENCE)    2023, 58 (9): 1-15.   DOI: 10.6040/j.issn.1671-9352.0.2023.168 Abstract （1556）   HTML （36）    PDF（pc） （7010KB）（1770）       Save The popularity of the Internet has had a significant impact on the development of computing paradigms. With the continuous improvement of the new generation of information technology infrastructures, academia and industry have been constantly exploring new computing paradigms to fully exploit computing powers. The huge data generated by massive IoT devices gradually exceeds the processing capability of the high-performance back-end represented by cloud servers. Edge computing alleviates this problem through cloud-edge-end coordination, but there still exist difficulties and challenges such as low computing power utilization, low computing and storage fault tolerance capability, and low integration of computing resorces. "Meta Computing" is a new computing paradigm that aims to break down the barriers of computing powers in a zero-trust environment. It can integrate all available connected computing and storage resources, provide efficient, byzantine fault-tolerant, and personalized services, while protecting the data and user privacy. Furthermere, meta computing can ensure the correctness of results, and realize "the entire network can be regarded as a giant computer for a user", that is, "Network-as-a-Computer, NaaC", which is also called "Meta Computer". The meta computer architecture includes a number of function modules including a device management module and a zero-trust computing management module, as well as the cloud-edge-end device resources. The device management module abstracts massive heterogeneous device resources into objects that can be freely manipulated, while the zero-trust computing management module can transparently allocate computing resources to user tasks according to service requirements, complete the tasks with strong fault tolerance and verifiable outputs, and finally settle accounts. Based on the analysis of the architecture and the functional characteristics of meta computing, we put forward suggestions and advice on the development path of meta computing, that is, transitioning from local to global, and analyze the most-influential future application scenarios of meta computing and provide a reasonable plan for the implementation and development of meta computing in future. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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A note on“generalized principle of inclusionexclusion and its application” TANG Shan-gang J4    2012, 47 (10): 64-69.   Abstract （1146）      PDF（pc） （601KB）（2198）       Save  A generalized principle of inclusion-exclusion which is a essential improvement of a well known theorem is given on a weighted finite set. By using generalized principle of inclusion-exclusion, a kind of ménage problem is extended and some enumerating theorems are given on the ménage problem. Related Articles | Metrics

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Expression and purification of human proinsulin gene in Escherichia coli ZHANG Xiao-wei, PENG Zhen-ying, CHEN Gao, ZHENG Ling, YU Jin-hui, BI Yu-ping, BIAN Fei JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY(NATURAL SCIENCE)    2015, 50 (11): 8-15.   DOI: 10.6040/j.issn.1671-9352.0.2014.573 Abstract （4503）      PDF（pc） （3349KB）（3128）       Save The human proinsulin (PI) gene sequence was optimized using the Escherichia coli preferred codons. The reformed PI gene was amplified, the fused expression vector (TrxA-PI) was constructed and transformed into three E.coli expression strains BL21(DE3),TransB(DE3) and Rosetta-gami(DE3). SDS-PAGE analysis showed that the expression level of the fused protein was the highest in Rosetta-gami (DE3) strain, which was about 10 times higher than in BL21(DE3) strain. The production of soluble fused protein was 3.5 mg/mL after optimization of the fermentation conditions. The purified recombinant PI was obtained after enterokinase digestion and HisTrap FF column purification, and its antigen activity was measured using Western-blot analysis. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Differences in height, diameter at breast height, and growth relationships between them of common tree species at different altitudes in Shandong Province Wenxin ZHANG,Qiang LI,Ning WANG,Xiaoli FAN,Hui WANG,Chengping JIANG,Yu LIANG JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY(NATURAL SCIENCE)    2024, 59 (1): 132-138.   DOI: 10.6040/j.issn.1671-9352.0.2023.216 Abstract （1554）   HTML （159）    PDF（pc） （1033KB）（691）       Save Based on the data of plant community inventory in Shandong Province, the common tree species were selected as the research objects to analyze the characteristics of diameter at breast height(DBH) and tree height. Single factor analysis of variance was used to compare whether DBH and tree height were significantly different at different altitudes. The allometric growth relationship between tree height and DBH of different tree species at different altitudes was studied by standardized major axis estimation. The study found that there were significant differences in DBH, tree height and their growth relationship at different altitudes, and height-DBH allometry of different tree species at different altitudes was different. The height-DBH growth relationship of three broad-leaved tree species, Quercus acutissima, Robinia pseudoacacia and Quercus variabilis, shows allometry growth at different altitudes, and the growth rate of DBH is greater than that of tree height. At low altitude, the growth rate of DBH of Platycladus orientalis was higher than that of tree height, while at middle altitude, the growth rate of tree height was higher than that of DBH. For Pinus tabulaeformis, the growth rate of tree hight is faster at low altitude areas, while the growth rate of DBH is faster in middle and high altitude areas. Pinus densiflora and Larix kaempferi have adopted isokinetic growth patterns in high and medium altitude areas. The environmental changes caused by altitude gradients can affect the growth process of trees, but the differences in growth response of different tree species are the result of the combined effects of habitat and genetic characteristics. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Climaxchapter recognition method of chinese long novel based on plot description WANG Wenjing, LIU Zhongbao, WAN Guangwen, HU Jianan JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY(NATURAL SCIENCE)    2025, 60 (9): 71-86.   DOI: 10.6040/j.issn.1671-9352.0.2024.039 Abstract （422）      PDF（pc） （2398KB）（462）       Save How to quickly and accurately identify the climax chapter has become a common problem faced by the majority of readers in their reading choices. In view of this, the method of identifying the climax chapters of Chinese long novel on the basis of accurately portraying the plot of Chinese long novel is explored, which consists of two parts, namely, key element extraction and climax chapter recognition, where the former includes the extraction of key elements such as viewpoint and non-viewpoint passages, keywords of the chapter, main characters, etc., and the latter, based on the establishment of the chapter plot description matrix, introduces the BiGRU model and the multi-head attention mechanism to realize the climax chapter recognition of Chinese long novel. Comparative experiments on Jin Yongs novel corpus show that the proposed method in this paper has better recognition performance compared with models such as Naive Bayesian(NB), Support Vector Machine(SVM), pre-trained model named Roberta-large, and Bi-directional Long Short-Term Memory(BiLSTM). Ablation experiments validate the effectiveness of the main components of the proposed method. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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On the fundamental group of complete noncompact Riemannian manifolds CHEN Ai-yun, XUE Qiong, XIAO Xiao-feng JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY(NATURAL SCIENCE)    2019, 54 (12): 115-119.   DOI: 10.6040/j.issn.1671-9352.0.2018.604 Abstract （1726）      PDF（pc） （346KB）（716）       Save We study the topology of complete noncompact Riemannian manifolds with Ricci curvature satisfies RicM≥-(n-1)k(k>0). By using the uniform estimates for the distance from a point to halfway point of minimal geodesics, we prove that a manifold with linear diameter growth has a finitely generated fundamental group. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics