液体均相混合物的表面张力及吸附行为

doi:10.6040/j.issn.1671-9352.0.2025.140

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 液体混合物的表面张力和吸附已得到广泛研究,但仍缺乏普适的热力学预测模型。近期,我们提出包含吸附平衡常数(K)和平均表面聚集数(n)的“表面聚集吸附(SAA)”模型,可由二元体系的模型参数预测多元体系的表面张力和组成,但其普适性(特别是对四元及以上体系的适用性)还有待验证。本文选取异丙醇、水、正癸烷、乙醇和正丁醇形成的三元、四元和五元体系,测定其在不同体相组成时的表面张力,与模型预测结果相比较,二者具有良好的符合度,证实SAA模型的合理性和普适性。基于SAA模型,研究液体混合物组分间表面吸附的相互影响。对给定液体混合物,外加组分将降低原体系中n值最大组分的相对吸附趋势,而增强n值最小组分的相对吸附趋势。本工作加深了对液体混合物表面吸附行为的认识。

关键词: 液体混合物, 表面张力, 表面吸附, 表面聚集, 热力学模型

Abstract: The surface tension and adsorption of liquid mixtures have been widely studied, but there is still a lack of universal thermodynamic prediction models. Recently, we proposed a predictive model, called the “surface aggregation adsorption(SAA)” model, which has two parameters with definite physical meaning, i.e., the adsorption equilibrium constant(K)and the average surface aggregation number(n). The SAA model can predict the surface tension and composition of multicomponent liquid mixtures using the model parameters of corresponding binary systems. However, its applicability needs to be examined, especially for the systems with four or more components. In the current work, the surface tensions of ternary, quaternary, and quinary mixtures composed of iso-propanol(iPrOH), water, n-decane(DA), ethanol(EtOH), and n-butanol(nBuOH)were determined under different bulk compositions. A good agreement between the model prediction and experimental results was observed, confirming the rationality and universality of the SAA model. Based on the SAA model, the surface adsorption behavior of liquid mixtures was investigated. For a given liquid mixture, adding another liquid will weaken the relative adsorption tendency of the component with the highest n value in the original system, while enhance that of the component with the lowest n value. This work has deepened our understanding of the surface adsorption behavior of liquid mixtures.

Key words: liquid mixture, surface tension, surface adsorption, surface aggregation, thermodynamic model

中图分类号:

O648

马文超,杜娜,侯万国. 液体均相混合物的表面张力及吸附行为[J]. 《山东大学学报(理学版)》, 2025, 60(10): 105-116.

MA Wenchao, DU Na, HOU Wanguo. Surface tension and adsorption behavior of liquid homogeneous mixtures[J]. JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY(NATURAL SCIENCE), 2025, 60(10): 105-116.

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